Patho
This happens when the body's natural defense system can't tell the difference between your own cells and foreign cells, causing the body to mistakenly attack normal cells
What is an autoimmune disorder?
Can decrease the frequency and severity of relapses, reduce the development of brain lesions, decrease future disability, and help maintain quality of life
What is disease modifying drugs?
Numbness, tingling and pins and needles sensations.
What is paresthesias?
Neurologic symptoms caused by demyelination and inflammation last for at least 24 hours.
What is clinical isolated syndrome (CIS)?
Relief is accomplished with anticholinergic drugs, which relax the detrusor and thereby permit a normal volume of urine to accumulate before bladder emptying.
What is bladder dysfunction?
Difficulty with motor function, movement and coordination.
What is sensory and motor deficits?
May present a hazard for nurses, especially pregnant nurses who administer this drug.
What is ingolimod and teriflunomide?
Weakness, clumsiness, ataxia, spasms, spasticity, tremors and cramps.
What is muscle or motor problems?
Symptoms grow progressively more intense from the outset, although some patients may experience occasional plateaus or even temporary improvement
What is Primary progressive (PPMS)?
Is relatively common, whereas fecal incontinence is relatively rare. Can be managed by increasing dietary fiber and fluids, taking fiber supplements, performing regular exercise, and, if needed, using a bulk-forming laxative
What is bowel dysfunction?
The loss of myelin with slowed axonal conduction.
What is demyelination?
It inhibits the migration of proinflammatory leukocytes across the blood-brain barrier, preventing these cells from reaching neurons of the CNS. Second, it suppresses T-helper cell activity.
What is Interferon beta?
A problem that can happen during any phase of the sexual response cycle.
What is sexual dysfunction?
Characterized by recurrent, clearly defined episodes of neurologic dysfunction (relapses) separated by periods of partial or full recovery (remissions).
What is relapsing-remitting (RRMS)?
Regular exercise can help. The most common drug therapies are amantadine [Symmetrel] and modafinil.
What is fatigue?
An inflammatory cascade that destroys myelin and that may also injure the axonal membrane and nearby oligodendrocytes.
What is inflammation mechanism?
Adverse effects include low phosphate levels, high liver enzyme levels and an increase in infections.
What is Teriflunomide [Aubagio]??
A term used to describe a range of sensations, such as feeling faint, woozy, weak or unsteady.
What is dizziness?
Specific signs and symptoms during an attack depend on the size and location of CNS lesions and hence vary from one attack to the next and from one patient to another.
What is relapsing-remitting (RRMS)?
SSRIs, such as fluoxetine [Prozac] and sertraline ([Zoloft] are used to elevate mood but often seem to increase fatigue. In contrast, bupropion [Wellbutrin], which has stimulant properties, can provide relief.
What is depression?
Inflammation and myelin destruction in this system (brain, spinal cord, optic nerve).
What is the Central Nervous System?
Is approved for decreasing neurologic disability and clinical relapses in patients with worsening RRMS and with SPMS. For these patients, the drug may delay the time to relapse and the time to disability progression.
What is Mitoxantrone?
Occurs when a health condition affects the nerves that carry sensations to your brain.
What is neuropathic pain?
Occurs when a patient with RRMS develops steadily worsening dysfunction—with or without occasional plateaus, acute exacerbations, or minor remissions.
What is secondary progressive (SPMS)?
Can be managed with drug therapy and with nondrug measures (physical therapy, stretching, regular exercise). The drugs used most are baclofen [Lioresal] and tizanidine [Zanaflex].
What is spasticity?