Text Structure
Text structure is how the text is __________.
organized
Which of these is a common text feature found in nonfiction?
A. Character dialogue
B. Chapter heading
C. Rhyming couplet
D. Fictional plot twist
B. Chapter heading
What is the central idea of the following text?
When people recycle paper, plastic, and metal, less trash ends up in landfills and oceans. Recycling also saves energy because new products can be made from old materials instead of using raw resources. By recycling at home, school, or work, everyone can help keep the environment clean and safe. Recycling helps protect the planet from pollution.
Central Idea: Recycling is important because it protects the environment and saves resources.
You can use __________ to figure out the meaning of an unfamiliar word by looking at the words and sentences around it.
A. context clues
B. a dictionary
C. a glossary
D. a table of contents
A. context clues
What does the word relevant mean?
relevant: important
Which text structure includes the signal words "first", "next", "last" and/ or dates in order?
chronological order/ sequence text structure
A heading helps readers by giving them a clear idea of the __________ of the section they are about to read.
A. length
B. purpose
C. setting
D. dialogue
B. purpose
What is the central idea of the following text?
Planting trees is an effective way to improve the environment. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, a gas that contributes to climate change, and release oxygen, which people and animals need to breathe. They also provide shade, reduce soil erosion, and offer homes for many animals. By planting more trees in communities and forests, people can help clean the air, protect wildlife, and make neighborhoods healthier and more pleasant.
Central Idea: Planting trees benefits the environment and improves communities.
What does the word "modify" mean based on this sentence?
The teacher asked the students to modify their essays by adding more details and fixing unclear sentences, so their work would be easier to understand.
modify: to change or make different
A paragraph discusses the importance of eating fruits and vegetables. Which detail is most relevant?
A. Fruits and vegetables provide vitamins that help the body stay healthy
B. what an apple tastes like
C. how tomatoes grow
D. The design of a kitchen countertop
Correct answer: A. Fruits and vegetables provide vitamins that help the body stay healthy
Which text structure is the following paragraph?
Many cities face the growing problem of traffic congestion, which slows travel, increases pollution, and frustrates commuters. To address this issue, transportation planners are developing solutions such as expanding public transit systems and creating dedicated bike lanes. These improvements encourage people to leave their cars at home, reducing the number of vehicles on the road.
Problem and solution text structure
Which type of text feature would be most helpful if you wanted to quickly find specific information in a nonfiction text?
A. A glossary, because it lists key terms and their definitions
B. A photograph, because it shows what an object looks like
C. A timeline, because it presents events in the order they occurred
D. A caption, because it explains the main idea of the entire text
D. A caption, because it explains the main idea of the entire text
What is the central idea in the following text?
Electric cars are becoming an important part of reducing air pollution and fighting climate change. Unlike traditional vehicles that burn gasoline, electric cars run on batteries and produce no tailpipe emissions. Many cities and countries are now investing in charging stations and incentives to encourage people to switch to electric vehicles. By choosing electric cars, individuals can help improve air quality, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and support a cleaner, healthier environment.
Central Idea: Electric cars help reduce pollution and protect the environment.
Which word in the sentence helps readers understand the meaning of the word, "consumers"?
Many consumers choose to buy products that are environmentally friendly, which shows that people who purchase goods can also influence how companies operate.
a. companies
b. purchase
c. environmentally
d. products
purchase
A paragraph explains why regular exercise is important for overall health. Which detail is most relevant?
A. The color of the shoes someone wears while jogging
B. Exercise strengthens the heart and muscles, improving overall fitness
C. The history of the first Olympic Games
D. How long it takes to drive to a local gym
Correct answer: B. Exercise strengthens the heart and muscles, improving overall fitness
How does the compare-and-contrast text structure contribute to a nonfiction text?
A. It shows events so the reader can understand what happened first.
B. It highlights similarities and differences to help the reader understand ideas more clearly.
C. It presents an issue and offers remedies so the reader can decide what action to take.
D. It explains the causes of an event and the results that follow.
B. It highlights similarities and differences to help the reader understand ideas more clearly.
What is something a reader could learn from a map embedded in a nonfiction text?
A. The personal opinions of the author about the location
B. The exact conversations that took place in the region
C. The geographic location and spatial relationships of important places
D. The emotions of the people who lived in the area
C. The geographic location and spatial relationships of important places
What is the central idea in the following text?
Many cities are planting more trees along streets and in parks. People enjoy walking under their shade on hot days, and birds and squirrels often make their homes in the branches. Trees also help clean the air by absorbing dust and smoke from cars and factories. Over time, neighborhoods with more trees feel cooler, quieter, and more welcoming.
Central Idea: Trees make neighborhoods healthier and more pleasant.
Which word in the sentence helps readers understand the meaning of the word, agriculture?
Farmers carefully study the soil to determine which crops will grow best, showing that the agriculture of a region affects what food is available.
a. farmers
b. soil
c. crops
d. region
Correct answer: c. crops
Which relevant detail supports the central idea that "recycling helps protect the planet from pollution"?
(a) When people recycle paper, plastic, and metal, less trash ends up in landfills and oceans. (b) Recycling also saves energy because new products can be made from old materials instead of using raw resources. (c) By recycling at home, school, or work, everyone can help keep the environment clean and safe. (d) Recycling helps protect the planet from pollution.
(c) By recycling at home, school, or work, everyone can help keep the environment clean and safe.
What text structure is the following paragraph? When large areas of forest are cut down, it causes significant changes to the environment. Without trees to absorb carbon dioxide, more of this gas remains in the atmosphere, which increases global temperatures. Higher temperatures then lead to rising sea levels and more severe weather events. These changes can disrupt ecosystems, damage communities, and create long-term challenges for both humans and wildlife.
cause and effect text structure
How does an illustration typically contribute to a nonfiction text?
A. It adds extra information that replaces the need for reading the text.
B. It provides visual details that help the reader better understand key ideas or concepts.
C. It distracts the reader by drawing attention away from the main topic.
D. It shows the author’s opinion without offering any factual support.
B. It provides visual details that help the reader better understand key ideas or concepts.
What is the central idea in the following text?
Students who spend time reading every day often do better in school. Reading helps them understand new ideas, learn vocabulary, and think more clearly. It can also be a way to relax and explore different places or experiences without leaving home. Over time, students who read regularly tend to enjoy learning more and feel more confident in their studies.
Central Idea: Regular reading improves learning and builds confidence.
Which word in the sentence helps readers understand the meaning of the word, experiment?
The scientist conducted an experiment by mixing different liquids to see which chemical reactions would occur.
a. scientist
b. mixing
c. liquids
d. reactions
Correct answer: b. mixing
When explaining the water cycle in a science article, which detail best supports the central idea of how water moves through the environment?
A. How clouds form when water evaporates from lakes and oceans
B. The variety of fish that live in freshwater rivers
C. How plants release water into the air through transpiration
D. The impact of seasonal changes on the levels of local ponds
Correct answer: A. How clouds form when water evaporates from lakes and oceans