Muscle Basics
Name one function of the muscular system
movement
posture
balance
heat production
Peristalsis
circulation
What is the smallest unit of a muscle
muscle fiber
An isotonic muscle contraction is broken down into what two parts
eccentric
concentric
What does PRICE stand for
Protection
rest
ice
compression
evevation
What do tendons do
connect bone to bone
What are the three types of muscle tissue
skeletal
smooth
cardiac
Name one of the three connective tissue layers surrounding the muscle
Endomysium
Epimysium
Perimysium
What is an example of an isometric muscle contraction
holding a plank
wall sit
What is one treatment method NOT recommended for DOMS
NSAIDS
What do ligaments do?
Connect bone to muscle
Which type(s) of muscle tissue is voluntary, and which type(s) of muscle tissue is involuntary
Voluntary: skeletal
Involuntary: smooth and cardiac
What is a muscle fascicle made of?
Bundle of muscle fibers
What is the difference between concentric and eccentric contraction
eccentric muscle lengthens
concentric muscle shortens
What is the difference between a sprain and a strain
sprain occurs to ligament
strain occurs to muscle or tendon
What is hypertrophy
increase in muscle size
What is the function of smooth muscles?
moves food through digestive tract via peristalsis
What part of the muscle does the perimysium surround
muscle fascicle
What is an example of an eccentric muscle contraction
Lowering a dumbbell in a bicep curl
What does DOMS stand for?
Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness
What is atrophy
Decrease in muscle size
What is the approximate total of muscles in the human body
650
What is the outer most connective tissue layer of the muscle?
Epimysium
What is an example of an isotonic contraction
running, jumping, pushup, bicep curl, weight lifting, etc
What are the different grades of strains and what are the differences between them?
Grade 1: little to no tearing of the muscle
-recovery a few days to a week, PRICE
Grade 2: more tearing than grade 1, more severe
- recovery 2-4 weeks, may need DR. referral and physical therapy
Grade 3: complete rupture of muscle, need to go to the doctor
- can take several months to heal
What is the goal for the sub-acute phase of rehab during a muscle strain
restore pain-free ROM and strength