Muscle Signaling / Energy
(TRUE OR FALSE) The sodium-potassium pump requires energy to work
What is TRUE?
This is the name of the stage prior to a muscle cell receiving an action potential
What is the latent stage
This is the specific name of the cytoplasm in the muscle
What is sarcoplasm?
The name of the projections off of myosin that reaches towards actin
What are crossbridges?
The muscle condition where normal muscle tissue is replaced with fibrous tissue, causing a build up of scar tissue
What is fibrosis?
This is the name of the molecule that gives a phosphate to ADP to synthesize it to ATP faster than regular cellular respiration
What is creatine phosphate?
This is the name of the ion, released by the cisternae, that binds to t and t proteins to expose active sites on actin
What is Ca2+?
This is the name of the middle most later of muscle
This line on a sarcomere is a line of actin that marks the separation between sarcomeres
What is the Z line?
A muscle disorder caused by a bacterial infection that causes the neuromuscular junction to be unable to release acetylcholine
What is botulism?
A muscle cell is typically slightly this charge on the INSIDE
What is slightly negative?
Contraction is specifically the _____________ of the sarcomere
What is "shortening"?
(TRUE OR FALSE) At the areas of connection between a muscle cell and a nerve cell, the two cells touch
What is FALSE?
The zone on the sarcomere that contains ONLY myosin
What is H zone?
What is multiple sclerosis?
Acetylcholinesterase (AChe) breaks acetylcholine into these two molecules, which ends an action potential
What are acetyl and choline?
The THIN filament involved in contraction
What is actin?
This is the name of the individual fibers in the muscle fiber (contains the individual sarcomeres)
What is myofibril?
A reason why it is so important for skeletal muscles to be richly supplied by blood vessels?
What is...
- nourishment of cells
- oxygen delivery
- waste removal
This is the muscle condition that causes the muscle cells to physically break down and lead to muscle death (yes you have to pronounce it correctly)
What is rhabdomyolysis?
Muscle fatigue can be due to (specifically in the muscle cells) (3 possible answers)
What is:
1. Creatine phosphate supply depleated
2. Glucose and glycogen supply depleated
3. Need to usage ratio of glucose to oxygen exceeds rate of delivery
This is the event/occurrence that causes the cisternae to release its calcium ions
What is an action potential?
This is the type of muscle fiber that has the GREATEST anaerobic contraction (and a low aerobic capacity)
What are fast white fibers IIx / fast glycolytic fibers?
These are the proper names of the t and t proteins
What are troponin and tropomyosin?
A genetic disorder that causes muscles to lose mass quickly. Caused by an interference with the production of proteins
What is muscular dystrophy?