vocab
The study of bones
Osteology
Spicules reduce the weight without decreasing strength. A.K.A "Spongy Bone"
Cancellous bone
Name 4 bone shapes
Long, short, flat, irregular(sesamoid & vertebrae)
Three general classifications of joints
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
4 Types of Synovial Joints
Hinge Joints
Gliding Joints
Pivot Joints
Ball and Socket Joints
Process where osteoblasts harden the matrix (normally cartilage). Calcium and phosphate infiltrates, tissue turns into bone.
Ossification
Allows bones to increase in diameter
Compact bone
Bones of limbs and digits
Femur
Tibia
Fibula
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Long bone
Synarthroses
Immoveable
Bones are united by fibrous
tissue
Bones of the skull
Fibrous Joints
Ginglymus joints
* Cubital Joint
* Atlanto-occipital joint
Hinge Joints
- Bones of the head and trunk
- Bones of the limbs
Axial & Apendicular
Bone made from a cartilage template
Endochondral ossification
Small cubes
Carpal and tarsal bones
Short bones
Amphiarthroses
Slightly movable
Rocking motion
Pubic symphysis
Vertebrae
BONUS: Why is it important that the
pelvis contains a cartilaginous
joint?
Cartilaginous Joints
Arthrodial Joints, Rocking joints
located in the Carpus (wrist), Tarsus (ankle), Hand and foot
Gliding Joints
ABSENT in domestic species. A.K.A "Collar bone"
Clavicle
Bone made from fibrous tissue membranes ( Occurs only in specific cranial bones)
Intramembranous ossification
Thin and flat
location- Scapula, bones of the skull and,
ribs
Flat bones
Ligaments stabilize synovial joints, Fluid filled joint cavity
Synovial Joints
One bone pivots on another
Only motion is rotation
Atlantoaxial Joint
Pivot Joints
make bone-
maintain bone-
break down bone to mobilize calcium-
Osteoblasts
Osteocytes
Osteoclasts
Remodeling continues but does not contribute to bone length (Located between the diaphysis and epiphysis)
epiphyseal plates
Vertebrae and
sesamoid bones
(patella)
Irregular bones
Attach bone to bone, Used to stabilize synovial joints
Tendon: muscle to bone
Ligaments
Allow the most movement
Flexion and extension
Abduction and adduction
Rotation and
circumduction
Spheroidal Joint
Ball and Socket Joints