Muscles & Functions
List two muscles that help you elevate your jaw or chew.
masseter
temporalis
List the three types of muscle & a location for each.
Cardiac: Heart
Smooth: Blood Vessels & Hollow Organs
Skeletal: Attached to bones
A motor neuron and muscle fiber come together at the __________________.
Neuromuscular Junction
_____________ and ____________ slide past one another to shorten a sarcomere during muscle contraction.
Actin & Myosin
This is known as "cell energy"
ATP
List the three muscles that help extend the leg at the knee.
Vastus Lateralis Vastus Medialis
A bundle of muscle cells is called a ____________. Muscle cells are made of parallel ___________.
fascicle
myofibrils
TRUE or FALSE
Synaptic vesicles are found in skeletal muscle cells.
FALSE
This is known as the area between Z lines. It shortens as a muscle contracts.
sarcomere
Known as the powerhouse of a cell- this is where aerobic respiration occurs in a cell.
Mitochondria
Locate and name the three muscles of the arm.
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Put these connective tissues in order from outside to the inside when dissecting a muscle.
Perimysium Endomysium Epimysium
Epimysium Perimysium Endomysium
List the three functions of the muscular system.
1. Movement- pull on bone
2. Shape structure of body
3. Body heat- given off from chemical reactions
In a myosin filament, the _______________ becomes cocked when ___________ helps break down ___________ for energy.
Cross bridge
ATPase
ATP
This substance can only STORE energy. It helps make more ATP from ADP.
Creatine Phosphate
Differentiate for us...
adduct vs. abduct
extension vs. flexion
adduct: to move towards body
abduct: to take away from body
extension: increases angle between body parts
flexion: decreases angle between body parts
This is highly folded at the motor end plate to increase the surface area.
Sarcolemma
What neurotransmitter do the synaptic vesicles store?
Acetylcholine
In an actin filament, the _____________ become exposed when _____________ are released from the
sarcoplasmic reticulum to the ____________.
Binding Sites
Calcium Ions
Sarcoplasm
Anaerobic respiration is not as efficient as aerobic respiration. It does not use ___________ and occurs in the __________ of a cell.
oxygen
cytoplasm or sarcoplasm
Which three muscles help with the plantar flexion of the foot?
Gastrocnemeus
Soleus
Fibularis Longus
What two proteins can be found in the actin filament?
Troponin and Tropomyosin
____________ is the pigment that stores oxygen in a red blood cell and ____________ is the pigment that stores oxygen in a skeletal muscle.
Hemoglobin Myoglobin
What two things must happen for a muscle to relax or stop contracting?
1. Acetylcholinesterase needs to break down acetylcholine.
2. Calcium ions need to go back to the SR to stop exposing the binding sites and break actin and myosin apart.
During anaerobic respiration, this substance is produced and it caused us to become stiff and sore.
Lactic Acid