Muscle Structure
What is the outermost layer of connective tissue that wraps around a muscle?
The fascia
What needs to bind to the actin filament in order to start a muscle contraction?
Calcium
Broadly, what are the three types of muscles?
Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal
Which type of muscle contraction results in the physical shortening of a muscle?
Isotonic contraction
What happens to your muscle if you don't use it?
Muscular atrophy
What is the innermost layer of connective tissue that wraps around a muscle fiber?
Endomysium
What chemical from the brain is released to signal calcium to be released into the muscle?
Acetylcholine
Where would you find smooth muscle?
In most of your organs.
What happens to your muscle with frequent use?
Muscular hypertrophy
What kind of fibers (fast or slow twitch) would be important for things like eye movement?
Fast twitch
What layer of connective tissue wraps around a muscle fascicle?
Perimysium
When the myosin heads bind to the actin binding sites, what is that connection called?
The myosin-actin connection.
What type of muscle acts as the main provider of energy for a movement?
The prime mover (agonist)
When your muscle experiences muscular hypertrophy why does it increase in size?
Because the number of actin and myosin filaments increases which increases the diameter of your muscle fibers.
Around how many skeletal muscles are in the human body?
More than 600
A bunch of myofibrils makes up a what?
Muscle fiber
What happens during the powerstroke?
The myosin filament pulls the actin filament on top of it = muscle contraction.
What type of muscle works with the prime mover by inhibiting the opposing action?
The synergist
Which is the more moveable end of a muscle, the origin or the insertion?
Insertion
What kinds of neurons trigger the effectors to start the process of contracting a muscle?
Motor neurons
A bunch of muscle fibers makes up a what?
A fascicle
What type of energy is stored on the myosin heads and what type of energy does it need to be converted to in order to have your muscle contract?
ADP and phosphorous into ATP
What type of muscle works against the prime mover?
The antagonist
A bunch of fascicles makes up a what?
A muscle!
What does calcium need to bind to on the actin filament to start a muscle contraction?
Troponin