Bone Basics
How many bones are in the adult skeleton?
206
What connects bone to bone?
Ligaments
What is the purpose of traction?
Align bones, reduce spasms/pain, immobilize fractures
Which arthritis is systemic?
→ Rheumatoid arthritis
100: Which imaging test is most commonly used to identify fractures?
→ X-ray
List two functions of the skeleton.
Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, blood cell production
What connects muscle to bone?
Tendons
Buck’s traction is a type of _______ traction.
→ Skin traction
Which arthritis is caused by wear-and-tear?
→ Osteoarthritis
Which test uses contrast dye to view ligaments and cartilage in joints?
→ Arthrogram
Example of a long bone and a flat bone.
Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Metacarpals, hand bones, Phalanges, Femur (thigh bone – largest bone in the body), Tibia (shin bone, weight-bearing), Fibula (lateral lower leg), Metatarsals (foot bones), Phalanges (toe bones)
Which joint type allows movement in many directions, such as the hip?
Ball-and-socket joint
What must always be true about traction weights?
→ Hang freely, never on the floor/bed
Name two signs of osteomyelitis.
→ Pain, swelling, fever, redness, warmth
Which imaging test gives detailed views of soft tissue?
→ MRI
What is the shaft of a long bone called?
Diaphysis
Which joint type is found at the base of the thumb?
Saddle joint
True/False: Nurses can remove weights for skin care.
→ False
RA commonly affects which joints first?
→ Small joints of hands and feet
Which nutrient is most important for tissue repair?
→ Protein
What membrane covers the outer surface of bones?
Periosteum
What fluid lubricates synovial joints?
Synovial fluid
One major complication of skeletal traction.
→ Infection, impaired circulation, contractures
Nursing care for osteomyelitis includes ________.
→ IV antibiotics, pain control, wound care, high-protein diet
What is a specific danger sign for the client wearing a halo device?
Severe Headache