Diagnostic Tests
CAT or CT
imaging by a cross-sectional plane of the body; also called computed tomography
Computerized Axial Tomography
relating to joint surface
Articular
skin pulled or torn away; a type of fracture in which there is a separation of a small bone fragment from the bone where a tendon or ligament is attached
Avulsion
a type of fracture related to too much weight or pressure
Stress
small, whitish nodules of uric acid
Tophi
living without oxygen
DEXA
the most widely used technology to measure bone density. Two X-Ray beams are aimed at the patient's bones and the density of the bone is determined by the absorption of each X-Ray beam.
Dual Energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
a type of fracture (also called a simple fracture) that does not break through the skin
Closed
term describing a fracture of the lower end of the radius with displacement of the fragment
Colles'
also called a compound fracture- involving the bone puncturing through the skin
Open
surgery to remove a vertebral disk
Diskectomy
uncontrolled muscle contractions
Spasms
EMG
a diagnostic test in which a small needle is inserted into muscle tissue and the electrical activity is recorderd.
Electromyography (EMG)
a type of fracture in which there are more than two ends or fragments
Comminuted
a type of fracture in which the fracture is completely through the bone
Complete
term describing a fracture inside the joint capsule
Intracapsular
a process that causes the characteristic of hardness of bones
Mineralization
pain along the sciatic nerve, often radiating down the leg and caused by pressure on the spinal nerve
Sciatica
MRI
a diagnostic radiologic test using nuclear magnetic resonance technology
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
a type of fracture (also called an open fracture) involving the bone puncturing through the skin, or an object puncturing the skin, making an opening through the skin to the fracture site.
Compound
a type of fracture in which fragments are out of position
Displaced
term describing a fracture that is in the trochanteric area of the femur
Intertrochanteric
hyperirritability of muscles causing a spasm like condition; usually the result of lack of calcium
Tetany
inflammation or infection of the marrow of the bone
osteomyelitis
relating to medical imaging using X-Rays, ionizing radiation, nuclear magnetic resonance or ultrasound
Radiologic
term describing a fracture outside or not involving the joint capsule
term describing a fracture involving the neck of the femur
femoral neck
a type of fracture that forms a star-like pattern
Stellate
a surgery to cut away part of the vertebra to open the area around the spinal nerve
Laminectomy
a thick fibrous connective tissue
Fascia
a measure of bone density or weight. A thinning bone results in a lower bone density (BMD)
Bone Mass Density
a type of incomplete fracture that occurs commonly in children; so called because the bone appears to have broken partially like a sap-filled green stick
Greenstick
a type of fracture that has a bone end forced over the other end
Impacted
a type of fracture that runs across or at a 90 degree angle
Transverse
Abnormal curvature in the upper thoracic spine
Dowager's Hump
Osteomalacia in Children is called this
Rickets
Measurement of Bone Thickness
Densitometry
a type of fracture in which the fragments are still in correct position
Nondisplaced
a type of fracture that runs in a transverse pattern
oblique
a type of fracture that runs the length of the bone
Longitudinal
Fosamax is a treatment to reverse Osteoporosis
True or False
False
A lateral curvature of the back
Scoliosis
Blood tests that may be ordered to diagnose musculoskeletal diseases include tests for
a. iron b. cholesterol c. phosphorus
d. hemoglobin
Phosphorous
The primary joint affected in gout is the
a interphalangeal b. metacarpal
c. metatarsophalangeal d. temporomandibular
Metatarsophalangeal
The most common causative organism of osteomyelitis is
a. streptococcus b. haemophilus influenzae
c. staphylococcus aureus d. proteus
Staphylococcus aureus
a humped curvatur of the thoracic spine
Kyphosis
an exaggerated anterior or inward curvature of the lumbar spine
Lordosis
Treatment for gout typically includes
a.Zyloprim b. a high protein diet c. pain
d. increased exercise
Zyloprim