Anatomy & Physiology
Name 3 things the musculoskeletal system consists?
What is skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, tendons, ligaments, bones
Name 2 aging effects specific to musculoskeletal system
What is osteoporosis, postural changes, disc changes
Name subjective data during the musculoskeletal assessment
What is personal history, family history, occupation, lifestyle
The shoulder and hip are classic examples of this highly mobile type of synovial joint. (common name)
Ball and socket
Name 4 diseases related to the musculoskeletal system
MG, RA, scoliosis, osteoporosis, etc...
Name 3 types of connective tissue
What cartilage, ligaments, tendons, fascia
Decreased height occurs because
What is due to the loss of water content in the intervertebral disks
Why is assessing patients occupation and lifestyle important?
What is because of the risk for injury, calcium, vitamin d intake, and risk of osteoporosis.
Name 3 things assessed for during the musculoskeletal assessment
What is ROM, gait, muscle strength (and will accept bone density)
Scoliosis screening is done how and where
What is in school or doctor's office; MD visually assessing
One characteristic of compact bone
Dense, the shaft, outer layer of bone
Osteoporosis is
What is loss of bone density
Adults have 206 bones, but newborns are born with around this many separate skeletal structures.
270
This type of smooth, elastic tissue covers the ends of bones in a joint to prevent friction.
What is cartilage
Can osteoporosis be cured
What is no, osteoporosis can be treated, but not cured so prevention is important
What are skeletal muscles and their function
What are voluntary muscles that generate force and movement, give the body shape, and produce heat during movement.
Decreased joint flexibility occurs because
What is because of changes in the cartilage, tendons, and ligaments causing them to shrink and stiffen.
The human foot is made up of 26 bones, including 7 tarsals, 5 metatarsals, and 14 of these toe bones.
Phalanges
These tough bands of fibrous connective tissue connect a muscle to a bone.
What are tendons
Exercises to avoid to prevent osteoporosis
What is high impact exercises, excessive bending
Name 2 synovial joints
hip, knee, shoulder
A safety tip for older adults is
What is falls therefore assessing their ability to walk, stand, and transfer prior; What is exercise to limit aging factors; What is eating well balanced diet
Found in knees and elbows, these small, fluid-filled sacs reduce friction between moving parts in a joint.
What is bursae
This specific ligament, frequently injured by athletes, prevents the tibia from sliding out in front of the femur.
What is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?
Name 2 ways to reduce osteoporosis
What is
•Adequate calcium & vitamin D intake
•Limiting caffeine intake
•Increasing activity and exercise
•Avoiding smoking and alcohol