Medieval
Medieval Music is also known as what?
What is Gregorian Chant
What 2 qualities were apart of secular music during this time?
Lots of voicing, and dancing.
What was the meaning of music during this era?
communication- awaken the listener emotionally
Classical era music is sometimes even referred to as..., and why?
‘Viennese Classicism’, and because that was the main hub where composers worked and distributed music.
What is a nocturne?
Nocturne = short mood piece that embodies nighttime thought processes and musings.
Who was Medieval Music name after and what was music created for during this time?
Pope Gregory, and Mass (the church)
Music was an essential part of what? (3 areas of life)
civic, religious, and courtly life
Which composer was known for his counterpoint and for connecting the Renaissance and Baroque Eras?
Palestrina
What was the point of music during this time?
Music was still being composed for the church and the court, but the advent of public concerts reflected the new view that music should be written for the enjoyment and entertainment of the common person.
What 3 styles of music were created during this era?
Absolute: music for music’s sake. Not depicting anything from the natural world. It doesn’t MEAN anything--it’s just music.
Character: kind of music that suggests certain kinds of moods or characters
Program: music that tells a story, paints a landscape, or communicates a poem
What are the 3 forms of chant during the Medieval time?
Syllabic, Melismatic, Neumatic
In what ways did music grow during the Renaissance Era? (4 ways)
polyphonic music, new instruments, ideas regarding harmony, rhythm & notes.
What are the following voice pieces- describe each one
Opera, Cantata, Oratorio
Opera- a dramatic work in one or more acts, set to music for singers and instrumentalist.
Oratorio- a large-scale work for orchestra and voices, typically with a religious theme, performed without costumes, scenery or action.
Contata- a medium length narrative piece of music for voices with instrumental accompaniment, typically with solos, chorus and orchestra.
What are 5 characteristics of Classical Music (there are more possible)
Lighter, clearer texture than the Baroque period
The Baroque Era focused on rhythm and beat -- the Classical Era focused on beautiful melodies
More homophonic
More of a melody line with chords moving underneath
Still polyphony, but less of it
Orchestra becomes more defined as we know it today
Instruments more developed
Style Galant - elegant!
Variety and contrast
Dynamics, tempo, melody, rhythm, key
What was it called when composers wrote music based on where they were from?
This is also was known as the Age of _____________
Nationalism
What are the 4 ways Gregorian chant can be performed?
Solo, Choral, Antiphonal, Responsorial
During this era music developed in what ways? (at least 4)
Created a bass line, harmonies, chord progression, and cadences.
What are the 4 instruments forms of music from this era, and descriptions?
Fugue-piece of music that uses interwoven melodies based on a single musical idea.
Sonata- a piece of music written for one or two instruments that typically has three or four large sections that are different in rhythm and mood.
Concerto- a musical composition for a solo instrument or instruments accompanied by an orchestra, or a piano, conceived on a relatively large scale.
Suites- Based on the traditional pairing of dances in the Renaissance, the suite was the first multi-movement work for instrumentalist.
What are the different forms of music created during this era? (7 in total)
Symphony (Orchestra)
-String Quartet
Solo Concerto
-Sonatas
Voice & Piano
-Opera
Choral works
Who was known for character music during this time?
Schumann
Who is Heldigard Von Bingen and what did this person make possible?
Heldigard was a female composer who made it possible for women to be allowed to perform Gregorian Chant.
What are the six forms of music that was created during this era? (for your test make sure to know what these are- and the descriptions)
Motet, madrigal spirituale, villancico, The frottola, rondo, canzonetta
Name the 5 main composers from this time.
Johann Sebastian Bach (ended it)
Claudio Monteverdi (started it)
Jean-Baptiste Lully
Antonio Vivaldi
George Frideric Handel
Who are the 3 main composers of this time? one of which had 2 nicknames- what were they?
Franz Joseph Haydn (1732-1809), "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the Quartet"
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791), and
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827).
Tell me 5 important characteristics of the style of romantic music.
The Romantic period of classical music lasted for much of the nineteenth century. It bridged the gap between the Classical era music of Mozart and Haydn and the music of the twentieth century.
Not radically different from classical, which is unique. A lot of the characteristics stayed the same except for ONE CHARACTERISTIC
People began to STUDY music
Nationalism
Inventions
Industrial Revolution