People
He manipulated the structures, conventions, and building materials of the galant and classical eras in a way that allowed him to prioritize personal expression.
Ludwig van Beethoven
The following is an excerpt from what ballad opera?
The Beggars Opera
What is the Sonata Principal?
Music in a closely related key is heard as dissonant and that dissonance is resolved through the appearance of the same material in the home key.
Describe the following example:
-Empfindsam style: surface level spontaneity, dynamic contrast, chromaticism, rhythmic variety
Galant: thin texture, simple form, melody and accompaniment
This part of sonata form gets us from the development to the recapitulation
Retransition
This Prince and Patron of the Arts hired Haydn who then spent 30 years at this estate. His son, Nikolas, loved music even more than his father.
Paul Anton Esterhazy
In this opera you hear patter (a sign of low class), lyrical singing (representing high class), and horn calls (a nod to the hunt and nobility). What are these musical gestures called and why do composers use them?
Musical tropes/topics are shared conventions between the composer and audience.
Gluck was an important figure in this movement
Reform opera
What is the title that was given to the end of this string quartet and why?
"The Joke" because it toys with listeners expectations and elicits discomfort by adding pauses and new material between melodic material.
What are the characteristics of Empfindsam style?
-Galant Characteristics
-Minor keys
-Spontaneity
-Chromaticism
-Highly emotional
This librettist worked closely with Mozart on his most famous opera Le Nozze Di Figaro, Don Giovanni, and Cossi fan Tutti
Lorenzo Da Ponte
Who composed the following excerpt?
Christoph Willibald Gluck
This Italian opera sub-genre blends elements of opera buffa and opera seria
Drama Giocoso
The composer of this excerpt helped to codify the 4 standard movements of a symphony, increased the technical demands on players, and expanded the symphony orchestra. Who is it?
Johann Stamitz: Symphony 8 in Eb major
This is the new instrument that Haydn, Mozart, and young Beethoven wrote on
Forte piano
He was an Italian playwright and librettist whose famous works dramatized the lives, conflicts, and values of the middle class. His most famous works include Il Filosodo di Campaigna and La Serva Pardona
Carlo Goldoni
What is the opera sub-genre that this excerpt comes from?
Intermezzo:
typically comic, in two parts, performed between acts of the opera seria.
The following diagram describes what exposition of what form?:
Ritornello I Solo Ritornello 2
I I ->CRK CRK
PTSK PTSK
Sonata concerto/Double Exposition form
A technique expanded upon from an earlier composed quartet , how does this composer exhibit the sublime at the end of this symphony?
Combines motives into quintuple counterpoint, continually inverting the motives like a Ferris wheel.
The name of a bass singer in the comic role of an opera
Basso buffo
Who was an Italian poet and librettist, most famous for his collaboration with Gluck on his "reform operas".
Ranieri da Calzabigi
The following is an example of a buffo finale. What is a buffo finale?
A dramatic, through composed, grand finale. Prior to this operas solely alternated between recit. and aria.
Define symphony concertante
A multi-movement symphonic work that has two or more soloists
What musical topics/tropes can be heard in this keyboard sonata?
- Lament: falling gestures, weeping, sadness
-Hunting Call: nobility, the hunt
-Learned style: (Bach counterpoint) antiquated
-Song Style: cantabile melody with Alberti accompaniment
-Strume and Drang: Strong dynamics, extreme range, heavy chromaticism
-Minuet: sophisticated courtly dance
What is significant about the Mannheim School?
-Extreme dynamic contrasts
- Fast, raising scales
-Grand pauses
-Uniformity in bowing and presentation