Historical Styles
This period, roughly 1600–1750, is known for ornate musical textures and the birth of opera.
What is the Baroque period?
He composed The Magic Flute and died in 1791 at the age of 35.
Who is Mozart?
Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 ends with this famous “Ode.”
What is the Ode to Joy?
The Italian word forte in music means to play in this way.
What is loudly?
The late 19th-century movement reacting against Romanticism, with composers like Debussy.
What is Impressionism?
This German composer of The Well-Tempered Clavier worked for much of his career in Leipzig.
Who is J.S. Bach?
This multi-movement orchestral genre developed in the Classical era and often includes a fast-slow-dance-fast structure.
What is a symphony?
In the Baroque period, this keyboard instrument was commonly used for continuo playing.
What is the harpsichord?
Gregorian chant is most closely associated with this early stylistic period.
What is the Medieval period?
This Viennese composer wrote over 100 symphonies and was a mentor to Beethoven.
Who is Joseph Haydn?
Monteverdi’s L’Orfeo is considered one of the earliest examples of this genre.
What is opera?
In Classical concertos, this is the term for a passage where the soloist plays freely, often improvising, near the end of a movement.
What is a cadenza?
A style of composition associated with Schoenberg, using all 12 tones in a fixed order.
What is Serialism (or 12-tone technique)?
This Italian Renaissance composer’s works became the model of Catholic Counter-Reformation church music.
Who is Palestrina?
This 1913 ballet by Stravinsky caused a riot at its premiere due to its radical music and choreography.
What is The Rite of Spring?
In Gregorian chant, this texture of a single melodic line was the norm.
What is monophony?
The Ars Nova movement, known for rhythmic innovation, emerged in this century.
What is the 14th century?
This early 20th-century Hungarian composer collected folk songs and integrated them into his concert works.
Who is Béla Bartók?
This genre, pioneered by Franz Liszt, is a single-movement orchestral work that tells a story or evokes a scene without words.
What is a symphonic poem?
In Medieval and Renaissance music, this type of notation indicated pitch but not rhythm.
What is neumatic notation?