Music Periods
Composers
Musical Elements
Definitions
Instruments
100
Musical time period from 1400-1600
What is the Renaissance?
100
leading liturgical composer of the 12th century associated with the Notre Dame, or Parisian, school of composition. Attributed with the Magnus liber organi (c. 1170; “Great Book of Organum”), a collection of two-voiced organum settings, notably of Gradual, Alleluia, and Responsory chants, for the complete liturgical year.
Who was Leonin?
100
In thirteenth- and fourteenth-century polyphony, the device of alternating rapidly between two voices, each resting while the other sings, as if a single melody is split between them
What is a hocket?
100
In polyphony of the fourteenth through sixteenth centuries, the practice of raising or lowering by a semitone the pitch of a written note, particularly at a cadence, for the sake of smoother harmony or motion of the parts.
What is musica ficta?
100
Classification of any instrument played by blowing air
What is an aerophone?
200
Musical time period from 1600-1750
What is the Baroque period?
200
French composer of sacred polyphonic music, who is believed to have introduced the composition of polyphony in four parts into Western music.
Who was Perotin?
200
Style of polyphony from the twelfth century, encompassing both discant and florid organum.
What is Aquitanian polyphony?
200
A poet-composer of France who wrote monophonic songs in the twelfth or thirteenth century.
What is a troubadour or trouvere?
300
Musical period from 1750 - 1820
What is the Classical time period?
300
the most important composer and poet of the French Ars Nova period (1300-1377)
Who was Guillaume de Machaut?
300
Style of polyphony from fourteenth-century France, distinguished from earlier styles by a new system of rhythmic notation that allowed duple or triple division of note values, syncopation, and great rhythmic flexibility
What is the Ars Nova?
300
The entire range of pitches normally written in the Middle Ages.
What is a gamut?
300
Double-reed instrument, similar to the oboe, used in the Medieval and Renaissance periods
What is a shawm?
400
Musical time period from 1100-1400
What is the Medieval time period?
400
born to servants at court, he became one of the best-known and most influential troubadours. (ca 1130-1200) and composed the canso, Can vei la lauzeta mover
Who was Bernart de Ventadorn?
400
Schemes of poetic and musical repetition, each featuring a refrain, used in late medieval and fifteenth-century French chansons; in particular, the ballade, rondeau, and virelai.
What is formes fixes?
400
French forme fixe in the pattern A bba A bba A bba A, in which a refrain (A) alternates with stanzas with the musical form bba, the a using the same music as the refrain.
What is a virelai?
400
a small musical instrument played from the 12th through the 16th century, popular for secular music
What is a portative organ?
500
Music period before 1100
What is the early or ancient music period?
500
Perhaps the best-known Minnesinger, composed Palästinalied, and lived ca. 1170–ca. 1230
Who is Walther von der Vogelweide?
500
blind Italian composer of the Trecento (1335—1397) whose favorite form was the ballata.
Who was Francesco Landini?
500
The three levels of rhythmic division in Ars Nova notation - _____ is the division of longs into breves; _____ the division of breves into semibreves; and _______ the division of semibreves into minims.
What is mode, time and prolation?
500
An instrument with strings bowed by a rotating wheel turned with a crank with levers worked by a keyboard to change the pitch
What is a hurdy-gurdy?