Lingo Limbo
Unpleasant, lack of harmony, combining notes which clash to produce Tension
Dissonance
The speed of the beat; fast or slow
Tempo
Traditional instruments used for dancing include the Castanets & Flamenco guitar.
Spain
The music of America in the 1920’s-40’s, which grew out of Blues & Negro Spirituals, originated in New Orleans, characterized by syncopation and improvisation, popular with artists like Louis Armstrong, Miles Davis & Ella Fitzgerald
Jazz
Expresses personal feelings & Emotions,
Wide range of dynamics and tempos
Complex harmonies, chromaticism
Deep/ Emotional
Romantic
'Age of the Virtuoso'
A style of Plucking instead of Bowing performed on String instruments
Pizzicato
The way in which a note is attacked; crisp/detached, smooth/connected, stressed/accented, held etc.
Staccato, Legato etc.
Articulation
The Dun-Dun or Talking Drum mimics a human voice humming.
Nigeria
A type of improvised song which originated in the British West Indies, usually based on political satire and current events. Slinger Francisco, ‘the Mighty Sparrow’, received an honorary doctorate for his genius and creativity in this genre.
Calypso
Clarity, Balance, Form & restraint,
Texture mostly Homophonic,
Standard ensembles: String Quartets, Orchestras
Elegant
Classical
'Age of Enlightenment'
A point of rest or resolution in music, like a comma or a fullstop
Cadence
The tone color or characteristic sound quality; brass vs. woodwinds, vocal vs. instrumental etc.
Timbre
Famous for Salsa, La Bomba and home of Reggaeton
Puerto Rico
Dramatic acting and singing, usually with both extremely high and low voices, staging and costumes
Plot is comical, based on everyday life
Opera Buffa
Experimental, breaking traditional rules, new/different
New techniques: Atonal, Polyrhythmic, Aleatory 'chance music'
Electronic Instruments, Synthesizers etc.
Weird
Modern
'Age of Rebellion'
A combination of music and dance, popular during the Romantic period. Eg. The Nutcracker by Tchaikovsky
Ballet
How the layers of sound interact in a piece; a single melodic line (monophonic), competing melodic lines (polyphonic), melody plus accompaniment (homophonic) etc.
Texture
Traditional & Pop music, Everyone has Two birthdays, Girls make Fancy Chocolate
South Korea
Leading genre of the Classical Period; Instrumental work for orchestra, usually in four movements, each several minutes long
Symphony
followed the 'golden age of acappella music'
Highly stylized & decorated with ornaments,
Texture is mostly Polyphonic,
Organs & Harpsichords
Fancy, Impressive
Baroque
'Age of Absolutism'
The first movement of String Quartets, Concertos & Symphonies (like Mozart’s Symphony #40) make use of this classic format; Exposition - ______________ - Recapitulation
Development
Regular division of the beat into groups; usually in 2’s, 3’s or 4’s
Meter
A barrier and bridge between Asia & Europe
Dominant religion: Islam
Oil wrestling custom
Turkey
Music written to tell stories or depict descriptive ideas (as opposed to Absolute music eg. not connected to any specific, extra-musical ideas)
Program Music
Church Modes, Temperaments
Strict, No mixing of genres (secular vs. sacred), Limited role of instruments
Mostly Monophonic
Holy
Medieval
Dark Ages 'Age of Torture?'