Medieval
What is the church?
A significant genre of sacred Renaissance music. Though they started being written in the late Medieval Era (ca. 1200), they developed greatly in and are most associated with the Renaissance Era.
What is the motet?
A musical puzzle where the same part starts at different times, similar to a round.
What is a fugue?
New economic prosperity allowed this type of listener to attend public concerts funded by ticket sales.
What is the middle class?
Romantic composers often pushed music to the extreme to get the emotional impact they wanted, but one element that especially interested them was playing with this sonorous element, or volume of the music.
What are dynamics?
Music was used to create impressions in the mind. It sought to convey subtle pictures, sounds, moods, and dream-like feelings.
What is impressionism?
This type of chanting is sometimes called Gregorian Chant.
What is plainchant?
Motets were often written in this style, meaning there were various vocal parts sung at the same time.
What is polyphonic?
This prolific composer was born in Eisenach, Germany and wrote Toccata and Fugue in D Minor.
Who is Johann Sebastian Bach?
What is a concerto?
Romantics were often involved in political movements like this one, using their music and art to promote revolutionary activity.
What is nationalism?
They were the most notable impressionist composers.
Who are Ravel and Debussy?
This pope standardized chant for the liturgy. It was standardized to promote unification of the churches throughout Europe and to rid the churchgoers of their pesky pagan tendencies.
Who is Pope Gregory?
Successive voice parts that echo each other, kind of like a round.
What is imitative polyphony?
This composer, responsible for composing The Messiah, was originally meant to study law if his father had his way.
Who is George Frideric Handel?
This new style of opera reflected changes in society. It featured new plots that questioned authority and featured everyday characters.
What is opera buffa?
A short melodic figure or fragment of a musical theme.
What is a motif?
He would visit galleries and museums to study paintings or read a book of poetry as a source of inspiration for writing music.
Who is Claude Debussy?
Music with one melody and no harmony.
What is monophonic?
Secular multi-voice songs sung without accompaniment. They were based on love-related poetry and often sung by the educated public at social gatherings.
What is a madrigal?
Embellishments not essential to carry the overall line of the melody, but serve instead to decorate that line, providing added interest and variety.
What is ornamentation?
Who is Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart?
He wrote The Nutcracker Suite, Swan Lake, and the 1812 Overture.
Who is Tchaikovsky?
This landmark was built during Debussy's time in Paris.
What is the Eiffel Tower?
A type of simple, two-part harmony, made in one of two ways: Sometimes a drone, or low, continuous note, was sung while the main melody was sung at the same time. Other times, the words of the song would be sung on two different pitches at the same time.
What is organum?
Music that reflects the action of the text.
What is word painting?
He wrote The Four Seasons, worked in an orphanage, and was nicknamed "The Red Priest."
Who is Antonio Vivaldi?
Also a student of Haydn, he grew up in Bonn, Germany and supported his family from a young age.
Who is Ludwig van Beethoven?
This composer is known as a classical and romantic composer.
Who is Ludwig van Beethoven?
Lack of harmony among musical notes to create tension.
What is dissonance?
Sacred songs with multiple vocal parts of varying texts became popularized by the late 1100's.
What are motets?
The Renaissance saw a rise in this musical genre.
What is instrumental music?
This musician was the leader of the orchestra.
Who is the harpsichord player?
He was known as the father of the string quartet and worked for Prince Paul Esterhazy for 30 years.
Who Franz Joseph Haydn?
This event had a profound effect on music: there were major improvements in the mechanical valves and keys that most woodwinds and brass instruments depend on. The new and innovative instruments could be played with greater ease and they were more reliable
What is the industrial revolution?
He wrote Bolero, Daphnis et Chloe, and Pavane for a Dead Princess.
Who is Maurice Ravel?
Non-religious music.
What is secular?
What is the lute?
This new genre of music combined music with drama.
What is opera?
Separate, free standing sections.
What is a movement?
This term involves representing people in extreme emotional states.
What is emotional subjectivity?
Also known as timbre, this is the quality of a sound that is not characterized as frequency (pitch), duration (rhythm), or amplitude (volume).
What is tone color?
Two types of court musicians and poets.
Who are minstrels and troubadours?
This composer focused on text, rather than the music.
Who is Palestrina?
Writing music for music's sake. Basically, writing music because you feel like it.
What is absolute music?
Music was simple and organized. Entertaining, tuneful (or singable) music was popular.
What is the Classical Period?
Bringing the sights and sounds of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East to Europe through their music and art.
What is exoticism?
Harmonies that gave the impression of having escaped to another tonality.
What are escaped chords?