Key Terms
Nomadic herders of the Arabian Peninsula known for tribal loyalty.
Bedouins
Founder and prophet of Islam
Muhammad
Muslim holy book
Ottoman sultan who captured Constantinople in 1453
Mehmet/Mehmed
Ottoman ruler title
Sultan
Hindu princes who ruled under Muslim control
Rajahs
The name of Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina
Hijra
Safavid shah who strengthened the empire through reform and tolerance
Abbas/Abbas the Great
Branch of Islam where any good, pious Muslim man can become the Caliph
Sunni
Slow moving animal used by Hindu's to fight against the invading Muslims
Elephants
Daughter of Muhammad
Fatima
Islamic law code based on the Qur'an
Sharia/Sharia Law
The Ottoman sultan known for expanding and effectively governing the empire while also spreading Sharia to his empire
Suleiman
Muslims are called to struggle in God's service...what is this called?
Jihad
Military force within the Ottoman Empire that used force conversion of Christian boys to Islam
Janizaries/Janissary
This pillar instructs all Muslims to only accept the one true God, Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah
First Pillar
A holy building in Mecca believed to house the sacred black stone.
Kaaba
Muhammad's father-in-law and the first caliph after his death.
Abu Bakr
The place where Muhammad built up his group of followers
Medina
This religious group was discriminated against in India
Hindus/Hinduism
Mughal emperor who ordered the construction of the Taj Mahal
Shah Jahan
The annual pilgrimage to Mecca required of all Muslims who are able.
Hajj
The Mughal emperor known for his religious tolerance and unifying India
Akbar
Branch of Islam that believes that only descendants of Muhammad through Fatima and Ali can become the caliph
Shia/Shiite
Founder of the Mughal dynasty in India
Babur
This pillar instructs Muslims to give at least 2.5% of their yearly earnings to charity.
Third Pillar