Chromosomal mutation
What type of mutation involves the loss of a chromosome segment?
Deletion
Changes in _______ result in mutations
DNA (or base pairs)
When one letter (base pair) is changed the mutation is called a
point mutation
A nonsense mutation affects the amino acids because
an early stop sign
Mutations in ___________ cannot be passed down
somatic or body
What type of chromosomal mutation involves a segment being reversed end-to-end?
Inversion
Write the corresponding mRNA strand that goes with this DNA segment. ATGCA
UACGU
When base pairs are added this mutation results
insertion
When chromosomes fail to separate the term is called
nondisjunction
Humans have ___________ chromosomes (if there is no mutation)
46
When one piece of a chromosome is inserted with a piece of another chromosome, the result is called
insertion
Changes in DNA result in different mRNA sequence which alters the ___________ ____________.
amino acids.
When amino acids do not get altered when there is a mutation it is said to be
silent
The DNA mutation resulting in thick mucus, lower life expectancy, and problems with the pancreas.
cystic fibrosis
If a human has a trisomy how many chromosomes do they have
47
When there is an extra chromosome on #21 what is the result
Down Syndrome
A mutation in which there is a premature (early) stop sign is called
nonsense mutation.
Mutations in __________ cells can be passed down
Gamete (or egg/sperm)
Abnormal cell growth can result from mutations..this is called
cancer
A cell that contains multiple sets of chromosomes is called
polyploidy
What term describes the failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis?
Nondisjunction
In the documentary Gaby had this wrong with her DNA
DNA deletions.
A _________________ can cause a mutation
mutagen
If someone only has one chromosome on the specific number (instead of a pair they only have one) it is called
monosomy
What process during meiosis increases the chance of chromosomal mutations?
Crossing over