Religion & Society
An "Enlightened" form of execution popularized during the French Revolution.
What is the Guillotine?
The first country to sail around Africa.
What was Portugal?
Rights that come from being human and are not given by the government.
What are natural rights?
A technology which aided navigators by allowing them to find their way in the open oceans.
What is the magnetic compass?
During the Middle Ages, a person who was not a noble could still gain wealth by becoming one of these.
What is a merchant?
The Renaissance is considered to have begun here.
What is Italy?
The country which sponsored Columbus's voyage in 1492.
What was Spain?
This Renaissance idea motivated the development of evidence-based trials to convict criminals.
What is rationalism?
The Heliocentric Model of the solar system was first devised by this astronomer.
Who was Nicolaus Copernicus?
Under French rule, Haiti/Saint-Domingue produced massive amounts of these cash crops.
What are sugar and coffee?
Treaty which ended The 30 Years' War
What is the Peace of Westphalia?
A treaty which divided colonial discoveries between Spain and Portugal.
During France's Revolutionary Reign of Terror, this man was responsible for leading its government and sponsoring major reforms.
Who was Maximilien Robespierre?
A Renaissance artistic technique which represented light and three-dimensional space more realistically.
What is shading?
Supporting the American Revolution left this country in massive debt.
What is France?
A proclamation of toleration which sought to end religious conflict between Catholics and Protestants in France.
What is the Edict of Nantes?
The 7 Years' War saw this country lose its North American colonies to Great Britain.
What was France?
A system of government in which a monarch has legal limits on their power and their authority is outlined by the law.
What is Constitutional Monarchy?
In order to draw more accurate human forms, Leonardo da Vinci famously undertook the study of the human body, a science known as this.
What is anatomy?
Under the rules of the Ancien Regime, the First Estate (Clergy) and Second Estate (Nobles) were exempt from this.
What is taxation?
A work of political literature which proposed that rulers must seem be be pious and faithful, but should in truth be ruthless and pragmatic.
What is The Prince by Machiavelli?
While Spain and Portugal are credited with dominating early colonization in the Americas, _ and _ later established major colonial territories in North America and the Caribbean.
What are Britain and France?
The "Age of Reason" is another term for this 1700s movement critical of absolutism and proposing vast legal reforms to improve society and government.
What is the Enlightenment?
What is the steamship?
Napoleon Bonaparte's military genius proved no match for the might of the British Empire, his final defeat taking place at this battle.
What is the Battle of Waterloo?