India & Early Civilizations
These seasonal winds brought wet and dry seasons that shaped farming on the Indo‑Gangetic Plain.
What are monsoons?
The sacred first five books of the Hebrew Bible.
What is the Torah?
The holy book of Islam.
What is the Qur’an?
The German monk who nailed the 95 Theses.
Who is Martin Luther?
The East African kingdom that adopted Christianity under King Ezana.
What is Aksum?
This Mesoamerican civilization used glyphs and built cities like Tikal.
Who are the Maya?
Two major rivers that supported early Indian farming and civilizations.
What are the Indus and Ganges Rivers?
The leader who led the Exodus and received the Ten Commandments.
Who is Moses?
The migration to Medina in 622 CE is called this and marks the Islamic calendar.
What is the Hijrah?
These pardons sold by the Church sparked Luther’s protest.
What are indulgences?
This West African king became famous for his pilgrimage to Mecca and immense wealth.
Who is Mansa Musa?
The planned island capital of the Aztecs, known for causeways and temples.
What is Tenochtitlán?
Two major Indus Valley cities noted for advanced city planning and plumbing.
Who/What are Harappa and Mohenjo‑Daro?
The Jewish "father" who made a covenant with God.
Who is Abraham?
The Five Pillars include faith, prayer, alms, fasting and this final act.
What is the Hajj (pilgrimage)?
The invention that helped spread Reformation ideas across Europe.
What is the printing press?
The language blending Bantu and Arabic that developed along the East African coast.
What is Swahili?
The labor tax system that helped run the Inca Empire.
What is the mita?
The mountain ranges that separated the Indian subcontinent from the rest of Asia.
What are the Hindu Kush, Karakorum, and Himalayas?
The Roman emperor who legalized Christianity with the Edict of Milan.
Who is Constantine?
This Sunni–Shi’a split developed over disagreement about who should succeed this prophet.
Who is Muhammad (or: Succession to Muhammad)?
This Renaissance cultural focus emphasized human potential and classical texts.
What is humanism?
The coastal trading city-state that grew wealthy until Portuguese attacks (important trade hub).
What is Kilwa?
The ruler who expanded the Inca Empire and helped it grow powerful.
Who is Pachacuti?
This group migrated into India after the Indus Valley decline and influenced later culture.
Who are the Aryans?
The 1054 split created these two branches of Christianity.
What is the Great Schism (Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox)?
Name one of the three great Islamic empires that emerged after early Islamic expansion.
What is the Ottoman Empire? (or Safavid, or Mughal)
The trial in 1521 where Martin Luther refused to recant is called this.
What is the Diet of Worms?
The South/Central African city-state built on the gold trade that declined around 1450.
What is Great Zimbabwe?
This complex Inca system of knotted strings recorded numerical data and helped administrators keep track of population, taxes, and resource distribution across the empire.
What is the quipu?