Forms of Energy
What type of energy is stored in a stretched rubber band?
Elastic Potential Energy
What energy transformation occurs when you switch on a flashlight?
Chemical → electrical → light + heat
State the Law of Conservation of Energy.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
What energy change occurs when you eat breakfast and run?
Chemical → kinetic + thermal
Give two examples of renewable energy sources.
Solar and wind energy
Name two forms of kinetic energy.
Thermal and sound energy
Describe the energy changes in a bouncing ball.
Kinetic → elastic potential → kinetic
Why does a moving ball eventually stop even though energy is conserved?
Energy changes into heat and sound due to friction.
Describe the energy transformations in a toaster.
Electrical → thermal + light
Why are fossil fuels considered non-renewable?
They take millions of years to form.
What form of energy is released when food is digested in your body?
Chemical energy → thermal & kinetic energy
When a car engine burns fuel, what transformations occur?
Chemical → thermal → kinetic + sound
If a roller coaster loses height, where does its potential energy go?
It becomes kinetic energy.
A car’s headlights produce both light and heat. What does this show about efficiency?
Not all energy is transformed into useful work.
Compare the efficiency of solar and coal power plants.
Solar uses direct sunlight with less pollution; coal releases CO₂.
A battery stores which type of energy?
Chemical potential energy
In a hydroelectric dam, how is electrical energy generated?
Gravitational potential → kinetic → electrical
In what form is “lost” energy usually released in transformations?
As heat or sound energy.
Explain how energy transformations occur in a smartphone.
Chemical (battery) → electrical → light + sound + thermal
Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of wind energy.
Clean and renewable, but depends on weather and location.
Explain why light energy is both a form of kinetic and electromagnetic energy.
Because it involves moving photons and travels as electromagnetic waves
Explain the energy transformations that happen in photosynthesis.
Light energy → chemical energy (glucose)
Explain how a pendulum demonstrates energy conservation.
Energy oscillates between kinetic and potential forms.
Propose how improving energy efficiency helps the environment.
Reduces waste and pollution from power generation.
Design an energy system using two renewable sources working together.
E.g., Solar panels + wind turbines powering homes.