Cells and Microscopy
Where is the DNA located in a prokaryote?
a region called the nucleoid
What are the products of photosynthesis?
Glucose and oxygen
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What are 3 different types of potential energy?
Gravitational, chemical, elastic
Outline the role of producers in an ecosystem
Producers are the base of every food chain, converting sunlight into food through photosynthesis
What is the unit conversion for 15μm to cm?
0.00015 cm or 1.5*10^-4 cm
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in human cells?
Glucose → Lactic Acid (+ Energy Released)
Draw a bohr model diagram of a boron atom that has been ionized to have a charge of +2
Two circles (for each electron shell) where the inside circle has 2 electrons and the outside circle has just one electron
If a 20N box is lifted up 10m, how much work was done on the box?
200J of work
What are biofuels?
Renewable energy sources derived from organic matter (biomass) such as plants, algae, or animal waste.
Which organelles are present in only plant cells, and not animal cells?
A large central vacuole, a rigid cell wall, and chloroplasts
What is the pathway of air in our respiratory systems?
Nose/Mouth → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli
Outline the difference between an element, a compound, and a mixture
Elements are a pure substance made of only one type of atom.
Compounds are two or more types of atoms that are chemically bonded
Mixtures are two or more types of atoms that are physically mixed
A student of mass 55 kg is travelling with 10kJ of kinetic energy. Calculate their velocity.
10kJ is 10,000J. The student is travelling at 20m/s
What could happen to an ecosystem over time if an apex predator gets removed?
The population of prey would surge, they might overeat the producers and destroy the habitat, leading to eventual collapse of the food chains
The actual size of a blood cell is 300µm. A printed image from an electron telescope in a textbook shows a blood cell. When measured, this image is 25mm. What is the magnification of the image?
The magnification is 83.333x
What is the function of the trachea?
Airway: Conducts air to bronchi.
Cleanses: Mucus and cilia trap/remove debris (mucociliary escalator).
Prevents collapse: Cartilage keeps it open.
Write and balance the chemical formation of Gallium Oxide
4Ga+3O2→2Ga2O3
At the top of a 20m tall slide, a passenger has 100J of potential energy. How much kinetic energy do they have when they are halfway to the ground?
50 J of energy
If production of ethanol from crops such as corn went from 97.3 billion liters in 2015 to a projected 125 billion liters in 2025, what is the percent change in production?
The production increased by 28.5%
What is one disadvantage to using an electron microscope for magnification?
They cannot image living specimens, only produce black and white images, they are far more complex and costly than light microscopes
What are limiting factors? Give an example of a potential limiting factor for photosynthesis
Any element in the environment that might restrict a biological process. For photosynthesis, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, or amount of water can be limiting factors
Physical property: Softness & Slipperiness
Chemical Property: Conducts electricity
What is the efficiency of a machine that is powered by 50 Watts and takes 5 seconds to lift a 50N weight a height of 3 m?
60%
How does deforestation impact ecosystems?
It can cause destruction of habitats, loss of biodiversity, and accelerated climate change