Degen Changes in Aging
Memory loss, functional decline, wandering, & inability to recognize familiar object, like of fork are the clinical manifestations of this disorder, seen in the older adult.
What is dementia?
Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia.
Neurotransmitter involved in depression
What is serotonin?
ABG shows metabolic acidosis, which organ will provide compensation
What is the lungs?
Treatments for PCOS
What is oral diabetic medication, low-dose birth control pills, and managing Hypertension, Obesity to prevent heart disease risk?
PS-Spironolactone will block skin effects-hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans.
Electrolyte closely related with water balance
What is Na (sodium)?
Common treatments following cataract surgery.
What are eye drops, eye patch for sleeping and dark sunglasses?
Theory of aging that explains how it's effects
What is stochastic theory?
Major Depressive disorder clinical manifestations
What is a severely depressed mood, low self-esteem, and anhedonia that persists for longer than 2 weeks
Term for shortness of breath
What is dyspnea?
Pathophysiology of Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
What is low testosterone level?
Lower testosterone levels result in higher proportions of estrogen, which promotes prostate cell proliferation (page 362).
Etiology of opportunistic infections
What is a weakened immune system as in patients HIV or Cancer?
Migraine postdrome symptoms
What is fatigue, mood change, difficulty concentrating experienced for 48 hours post severe headache?
Theory of aging that explains genetic influences as a major determinant.
What is Developmental theory?
Definition of anhedonia
What is unable to experience pleasure?
Waking up with air hunger
What is paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea?
Major hyperglycemic complications of DM
What is DKA and HHS?
HHS problem of type II DM, -lack of ketosis, hyperglycemia > 600, dehydration, and changes in LOC. DKA, problem of type 1 DM-Acidosis (pH < 7.30, Kussmaul respirations, dehydration, high glucose as high as 1,000 (page 528). Hint-Important to know for the exam
Reversible replacement of one mature cell type for another.
What is Metaplasia?
Not to be confused with dysplasia-changes in size, shape, and organization.
Assessment tool for pain.
What is numeric rating?
Remember, pain is what the client states as subjective experience.
Characteristic of Senescence
What is enhanced auto-immune response?
The ability to shift or move cognitive function between two different tasks.
What is Alternating Attention?
Attention is organized into five types, move from simple to complex. See page 271.
ABG result: pH 7.48, CO2 35, HCO3 28
What is metabolic alkalosis?
Cold intolerance is a symptom of this disease.
What is hypothyroidism?
Treatments for Hypokalemia
Cardiac monitoring for a dysrhythmia and Potassium rider to replace.
Example of modifiable risk factor
What is smoking?
Clinical manifestations of Progeria
What is alopecia, prominent scalp veins, delayed tooth disruption, and thin, shiny skin (scleroderma).
Caused by LMNA gene mutation. Short life expectancy.
Period when Seasonal Affective Disorder occurs
What is fall/winter?
Term that best describes blueish discoloration around the lips or fingertips.
What is cyanosis?
Severe bloody stools, pallor, LLQ abdominal pain
What is Ulcerative colitis (IBD)?
Programmed cell death
What is apoptosis?
Secondary level of prevention
What are screenings for cancer, osteoporosis, and BP?
Etiology of Progeria (HGPS)
What is an inherited autosomal
Alternating periods of mania and depression
What is bipolar disorder?
Chest pain, shortness of breath, and positive troponins
What is Myocardial infarction?
Organ produces insulin and alkaline juices that aid in digestion.
What is the pancreas?
Oncogenes
What is mutated genes that have the potential to cause cancer?
Wearing gloves prior any contact with blood or body fluids.
What is universal precautions?