IV Medications
Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of intravenous (IV) therapy?
A) To deliver nutrition directly into the gastrointestinal tract
B) To provide rapid drug delivery and fluid replacement directly into the bloodstream
C) To assist with mechanical ventilation
D) To continuously monitor heart rate and blood pressure
B) To provide rapid drug delivery and fluid replacement directly into the bloodstream
Which of the following is one of the "Five Rights" of medication administration?
A) Right taste
B) Right patient
C) Right time zone
D) Right insurance
B) Right patient
What is the primary purpose of implementing an activity order for a hospitalized patient?
A) To limit nursing interventions
B) To provide clear guidelines for physical movement and rest
C) To increase medication dosages
D) To expedite discharge planning
B) To provide clear guidelines for physical movement and rest
What is the primary purpose of oxygen therapy?
A) To reduce heart rate
B) To increase tissue oxygenation
C) To elevate blood pressure
D) To decrease carbon dioxide production
B) To increase tissue oxygenation
Which of the following is a key benefit of obtaining adequate sleep?
A) Increased stress response
B) Improved memory consolidation
C) Elevated blood pressure
D) Reduced physical recovery
B) Improved memory consolidation
Which IV solution is considered isotonic?
A) 0.45% NaCl
B) 3% NaCl
C) 0.9% NaCl
D) 5% Dextrose in Water
C) 0.9% NaCl
Before administering any medication, what is the nurse’s primary method for verifying the correct patient?
A) Asking the patient’s family
B) Checking the patient’s wristband and comparing it with the medication administration record
C) Relying on the patient’s verbal confirmation alone
D) Trusting the room number
B) Checking the patient’s wristband and comparing it with the medication administration record
When assisting a patient with limited mobility to ambulate, which of the following is a key safety consideration?
A) Encouraging the patient to walk unassisted
B) Ensuring that the environment is clear of obstacles and using appropriate assistive devices
C) Increasing the pace of ambulation to build endurance
D) Avoiding the use of gait belts
B) Ensuring that the environment is clear of obstacles and using appropriate assistive devices
Which of the following represents the normal arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂) in a healthy adult?
A) 80–85%
B) 85–90%
C) 95–100%
D) 100–105%
C) 95–100%
Which stage of sleep is most commonly associated with vivid dreaming?
A) Stage I (Light Sleep)
B) Stage II (Intermediate Sleep)
C) Slow-wave sleep (Stages III & IV)
D) REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep
D) REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep
What effect does a hypotonic IV solution have on cells?
A) Cells shrink due to water moving out
B) Cells remain unchanged
C) Cells swell due to water moving in
D) Cells rupture immediately
C) Cells swell due to water moving in
When administering a high-alert medication, what additional step should a nurse take?
A) Administer immediately to avoid delays
B) Rely solely on memory for the dose
C) Have a colleague perform an independent double-check of the medication and dose
D) Skip the "Five Rights" if familiar with the medication
C) Have a colleague perform an independent double-check of the medication and dose
A nurse notices that a patient feels dizzy and lightheaded after ambulation. What should be the nurse’s immediate next step?
A) Instruct the patient to continue walking to build stamina
B) Increase the activity level immediately
C) Have the patient sit or lie down and assess vital signs
D) Administer pain medication
C) Have the patient sit or lie down and assess vital signs
Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate for a patient requiring low-flow oxygen therapy?
A) Non-rebreather mask
B) Venturi mask
C) Nasal cannula
D) High-flow humidified system
C) Nasal cannula
Which of the following is a recommended practice to improve sleep hygiene?
A) Drinking caffeinated beverages before bedtime
B) Maintaining a consistent sleep schedule
C) Using electronic devices in bed
D) Exercising vigorously immediately before sleep
B) Maintaining a consistent sleep schedule
Which IV solution is initially hypertonic in the bag but becomes isotonic after infusion due to the metabolism of its dextrose component?
A) 0.9% NaCl
B) D5 ½ NSS
C) 0.45% NaCl
D) 3% NaCl
B) D5 ½ NSS
If a medication order is unclear or ambiguous, what should the nurse do?
A) Administer the medication as written
B) Clarify the order with the prescribing provider before administration
C) Ask another nurse to interpret the order
D) Wait until the next shift to ask for clarification
B) Clarify the order with the prescribing provider before administration
Which of the following best describes the term “bed rest” as an activity order?
A) Complete immobility without any repositioning
B) Limited physical activity, with occasional movement for personal care and repositioning
C) Unrestricted activity within the patient’s room
D) Encouraging only passive range-of-motion exercises
B) Limited physical activity, with occasional movement for personal care and repositioning
A patient is receiving oxygen via a nasal cannula at 2 L/min. Approximately what is the FiO₂ (fraction of inspired oxygen) delivered?
A) 21%
B) 25%
C) 29%
D) 35%
C) 29%
A hospitalized patient is experiencing difficulty sleeping due to a noisy environment. Which intervention is most appropriate?
A) Increase the room lighting during the night
B) Offer a warm beverage right before bed
C) Provide earplugs and an eye mask
D) Encourage social activities during nighttime hours
C) Provide earplugs and an eye mask
Which of the following is a significant risk when administering hypertonic IV fluids and requires careful monitoring?
A) Peripheral phlebitis
B) Hypotension
C) Pulmonary edema
D) Hyperkalemia
C) Pulmonary edema
In addition to verifying the "Five Rights," what is an essential safety measure when administering high-risk medications?
A) Relying solely on personal experience
B) Conducting an independent double-check with a second nurse
C) Skipping the double-check if the medication is familiar
D) Administering the medication without reviewing lab results
B) Conducting an independent double-check with a second nurse
For a patient diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which of the following activity orders is most appropriate?
A) Strict bed rest for the entire hospitalization
B) Unsupervised ambulation as tolerated
C) Gradual, supervised ambulation with compression therapy, if ordered
D) Immediate resumption of normal activity without restrictions
E) No ambulation to prevent clot dislodgement
C) Gradual, supervised ambulation with compression therapy, if ordered
When evaluating an arterial blood gas (ABG) result in a patient on oxygen therapy, which parameter is most directly indicative of oxygenation status?
A) pH
B) PaCO₂
C) PaO₂
D) HCO₃⁻
C) PaO₂
For a patient with chronic insomnia, which component of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is most effective in consolidating sleep?
A) Increasing daytime napping
B) Sleep restriction therapy
C) Consuming heavy meals before bedtime
D) Initiating sedative-hypnotic medication as the first step
B) Sleep restriction therapy