Leukemias
This plasma cell malignancy presents with CRAB findings, rouleaux formation, and a monoclonal (M) protein spike.
Multiple Myeloma
This lymphoma is characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells and often presents with painless cervical lymphadenopathy.
Hodgkin Lymphoma
The Philadelphia chromosome results from this translocation and produces the BCR-ABL fusion protein.
t(9;22)
These needle-shaped azurophilic inclusions are found in myeloblasts in AML.
Auer rods
This JAK2-mutated myeloproliferative neoplasm causes aquagenic pruritus, erythromelalgia, and elevated hematocrit.
Polycythemia Vera
This aggressive B-cell lymphoma demonstrates a "starry-sky" appearance and is associated with EBV infection.
Burkitt Lymphoma
This translocation activates the MYC oncogene in Burkitt lymphoma.
t(8;14)
These fragile, disrupted lymphocytes are commonly seen on peripheral smear in CLL.
Smudge cells
This acute leukemia is the most common leukemia in children and is TdT+, CD10+.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)
This indolent lymphoma is characterized by painless generalized lymphadenopathy and overexpression of BCL2.
Follicular Lymphoma
This translocation causes overexpression of BCL2 and prevents apoptosis.
t(14;18)
Leukocytosis with basophilia, eosinophilia, and a low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) score is classic for this leukemia.
Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
This AML subtype is associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and is treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA).
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
This extranodal marginal zone lymphoma is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and may regress after eradication therapy.
MALT Lymphoma
This translocation creates the PML-RARA fusion protein and blocks myeloid differentiation.
t(15;17)
Tear-drop cells (dacrocytes), splenomegaly, and a "dry tap" on bone marrow biopsy are characteristic of this disease.
Primary Myelofibrosis
This leukemia is associated with smudge cells and expresses CD5 and CD23.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
This lymphoma is CD5+, Cyclin D1+, and often presents with gastrointestinal polyps.
Mantle Cell Lymphoma
This translocation causes Cyclin D1 overexpression and is characteristic of mantle cell lymphoma.
t(11;14)
This oncologic emergency occurs when very high white blood cell counts impair microvascular blood flow, leading to respiratory and neurologic symptoms.
Leukostasis