Early Napoleon
Island where Napoleon was born.
What is Corsica?
Napoleon enacted a lot of changes to the French government and army. What were these changes called?
Reforms
Though Napoleon was very successful in fighting with armies on the ground, he often struggled when directing his navy. Which battle saw him lose both his fleet and the Spanish fleet against the British?
Battle of Trafalgar
The constant wars and keeping troops in Spain was costing France a lot of money. This led to _______________ troubles in France
Economic
France was being ______________ from all sides by the Sixth Coalition. What is it called when a city or nation is being attacked or surrounded?
Besieged (Siege)
When Napoleon was sent to a military academy in Paris, he specialized in what?
Artillery (Cannons)
Napoleon crowned himself this position in 1804. What was that position called?
Emperor
Since he had lost most of his navy, Napoleon intended to hurt the British economically by making the decree that no European port would accept British ships. What was this strategy called?
Continental Blockade
Napoleon invaded Russia with how many men initially?
650,000
When the Sixth Coalition forces reached Paris, what do they force Napoleon to do to the French throne?
Abdicate his position
The European powers such as Britain, Austria, and Prussia often formed temporary alliances against France when Napoleon was in power. What are these temporary alliances called?
Coalitions
Napoleon sold this territory to the United States in 1803. What was it called?
Louisiana Territory (Louisiana Purchase)
Which two countries did not follow the continental blockade against Britain?
Portugal and Russia
The Russians were heavily outnumbered by Napoleon's army. What tactic did the Russians use to slow the French down and struggle to get supplies?
Scorched-Earth Tactic
Napoleon is forced to leave France and go to the island of Elba in 1814. What is is called when you are forced to leave your home country?
Exile
The military helped Napoleon seize power in France by overthrowing the government, which is called what?
Coup (Military coup)
Napoleon split his army up into mini-armies known as _____________. This allowed them to move much ________________ and needed fewer _______________ than prior armies.
Corps, Faster, Supplies
Guerrilla Warfare
What disadvantages did Napoleon's army have in Russia? (need at least 2)
Slow moving, need a massive amount of supplies
Not used to Russia climate (cold and heat)
Disease
Scorched-Earth tactic
Napoleon escapes Elba and rallies the French against their enemies. The French do well initially, but Napoleon is finally defeated by the British and Prussians at what battle?
Battle of Waterloo
How did Napoleon help his army win the first battle (Siege of Toulon) he was a part of? (Need three different answers)
Told the army that attacking from the South would cause the British to retreat. Good tactical decisions
Was able to get supplies from nearby French cities for more cannons and sandbags
Oversaw the building of two new forts to bombard English ships
Saw the importance of artillery in the battle. Trained infantry soldiers how to operate the cannons
What were the reforms Napoleon made to the French government? (need at least 3)
Government positions would not be given based on birth or religion, but instead their qualifications
Built new roads and encouraged business
Reestablished the Catholic Church as the state religion, but also allowed for freedom of religion
Set up non-religious schools, allowing anyone to get education
In 1811, Napoleon began to jail his political opponents, ____________ the media from printing negative stories about him, and spread ______________, or information that is misleading.
Censoring and Propaganda
What difficulties were the French soldiers facing when they retreated from Russia? (Need three)
No supplies from previous villages on their retreat path
Soldiers Loaded down with loot
Extreme winter conditions, frostbite, no winter clothing
Bad roads, burnt bridges
Napoleon tries to flee to _____________, but is instead forced to go to another island called ____________. On this island, Napoleon writes his _____________ or personal biography and then dies at 51 due to _______________. (Need all 4 answers)
U.S., St Helena, Memoirs, Sickness