Terms
This system is predicated on the removal or erasure of a people in order to legitimate the land claims and inhabitance of another.
What is settler colonialism?
Nesterak examines the effects this one-way program (which occurred between the 1950s and 1970s) had on families.
What is the Voluntary Relocation Program?
This is the number of Native nations currently officially recognized by the US Federal Government.
What is 574?
This character drowns three times.
Who is Fleur?
What are Native American sports mascots?
This genealogical system of accounting for ancestry has been both imposed on Native nations and utilized by some to determine enrollment.
What is blood quantum?
While this term has no easy translation into Native languages, it captures the relational, often ecological wisdom in Native cultures.
What is Indigenous science (or Traditional Ecological Knowledge)?
Also called the Dawes Act, this 1887 law parceled out tribal lands to individual owners, ultimately leading to further dispossession.
They alternate narrating each of the novel's nine chapters.
Who are Nanapush and Pauline?
These are often adopted to project images of toughness, grit, pride, confidence, and to intimidate opponents and draw in fans.
What are Native American mascots?
This term is used to describe the myth that "real" or authentic Native peoples or cultures only exist in the past and reinforces the idea that Native peoples are doomed to assimilate or disappear.
What is the Vanishing Indian?
Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz draws on multiple definitions to argue that U.S. settler colonial history has demonstrated this act.
What is genocide?
In November 2022 the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments over the constitutionality of this 1978 federal law, which stands to affect Native individuals and tribal sovereignty?
What is the Indian Child Welfare Act (ICWA)?
Nanapush helps this character successfully hunt a moose during a famishing winter.
Who is Eli Kashpaw?
This sketch comedy group is known for using humor to address historical trauma.
Who are the 1491s?
This concept originates in Catholic papal bulls but has also been used in U.S. judicial rulings (e.g., Johnson v. M'Intosh).
What is the Doctrine of Discovery?
In Seventh Generation Earth Ethics, Patty Loew celebrates this Bad River citizen’s accomplishments, including his tenure at Northland College.
Who Is Joe Rose, Sr.? (Moka'ang Giizis Scholarship)
This era of federal Indian policy was marked by the 1953 passage of House Concurrent Resolution 108, which sought to end the government-to-government relationship between the U.S. and Native nations (the Menominee Nation was among the first selected).
What is the termination era?
Fleur says of this character, "She has saved my life twice and now she's taken it twice back, so there are no more debts."
Who is Margaret (Rushes Bear) Kashpaw?
In this historic multicultural social and economic system, food was often used as a tool for relationship building.
What is the Ojibwe fur trade?
It's called Mooningwanekaaning-minis in Ojibwemowin.
What is Madeline Island?
This scholar shows how "particular strings of molecules in particular bodies are not in any way simply a transparent reflection or indicator of a particular genetic population" (32).
Who is Kim TallBear?
This act helps tribal nations repossess items belonging to them.
What is the Native American Graves Protection & Repatriation Act (1990)?
This location in the novel means "bad spirit" in Ojibwemowin.
What is Matchimanito Lake? [maaji-manidoo]
Indigenous peoples have a variety of adaptations, mitigation strategies, and prevention measures that make them resilient against these nonhuman beings.
What are invasive species?