Ch. 7.6 Nervous System Key Terms
A mass of nerve tissue well protected by membranes and the cranium or skull
Brain
A clear, colorless fluid that the ventricles are filled with
cerebrospinal fluid
Section located below the cerebrum at the top of the brain stem. It is responsible for conducting impulses between brain parts and for certain eye and auditory reflexes
Midbrain
A division to the nervous system; (PNS) consists of the nerves and has two divisions, the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system
peripheral nervous system
Acts as a relay center and it directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum. It also allows conscious recognition of pain and temperature.
Thalamus
A division to the nervous system, (CNS), Consists of the brain and spinal cord
central nervous system
The section located between the cerebrum and midbrain. It contains two structures: The thalamus and hypothalamus.
Diencephalon
Combination of many nerve fibers located outside the brain and spinal cord
Nerves
Carries messages between the CNS and the body
somatic nervous system
Four hollow spaces In the brain that connect with each other and with the space under the arachnoid membrane, They are filled with a clear, colorless fluid called cerebrospinal fluid
Ventricles
contains the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems which work together to control involuntary body functions
Autonomic nervous system
Regulates and controls the autonomic nervous system, temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, and blood vessel constriction and dilation. Also involved in emotions.
hypothalamus
Nervous cell, consists of a cell body
Neuron
The section located below the midbrain and in the brain stem. It is responsible for conducting messages to other parts of the brain for certain reflex actions including chewing, tasting, and saliva production and for assisting with respiration
Pons
the section below the back of the cerebrum, is responsible for muscle coordination, balance, posture, and muscle tone.
Cerebellum
Three membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord; it has three layers.
Meninges
A complex, highly organized system that coordinates all the activities of the body this system enables the body to respond and adapt to changes that occur both inside and outside the body
nervous system
Continues down from the medulla oblongata and ends at the first or second lumbar vertebrae. It is responsible for many reflex actions and for carrying sensory messages up to the brain and motor messages from the brain to the nerves that go to the muscles and glands.
spinal cord
The largest and highest section of the brain the outer part is arranged in folds called convolutions and separated into lobes. It is responsible for reasoning, thought, memory, judgment, speech, sensation, sight, smelling, hearing, and voluntary body movement
Cerebrum
Most part of the brain stem. it connects with the spinal cord and is responsible for regulating heartbeat, respiration, swallowing, coughing, and blood pressure
medulla oblongata
A division to the autonomic nervous system, This nervous system counteracts the actions of the sympathetic system by slowing heart rate, decreasing respiration, lowering blood pressure, and increasing activity in the digestive tract.
parasympathetic
Division to the autonomic nervous system, Prepares the body to act by increasing heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure, and by slowing activity in the digestive tract, this is known as the fight or flight response.
Sympathetic