Marching Towards WAR
Following the Napoleonic Wars in Europe and with the distraction of Imperialism, the continent established a set guidelines for maintaining peace and balance between nations. What was this called?
The Concert of Europe
What was the Okhrana?
the secret police used in Russia under Czar Alexander III that helped shut down any signs of revolution
TOTAL WAR
Who signed the Armistice in November of 1918?
Germany and France
The border between Russia and Germany/Austria
Name 4 out of the 6 great powers in Europe leading up to World War I.
Great Britain, France, Austria-Hungary, Russia, Italy, and Germany
What was the name of the group of elected officials that held power after Czar Nicholas II abdicated the throne
The Duma
What country had a policy of sinking ships without warning, known as unrestricted submarine warfare?
Germany
Who proposed the Fourteen Point Plan at the Paris Peace Conference following the end of WWI?
President Woodrow Wilson (USA)
What was the Reinsurance Treaty?
Treaty between Germany and Russia in the late 1800s, declaring both sides would remain neutral.
What countries formed the Triple Alliance?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
Which Russian Czar’s political change, emancipation of the serfs, and reform led to his dislike and ultimately, his assassination?
Czar Alexander II
What was ultimately the last straw that brought the U.S. into WW1?
Intercepted telegram from German Foreign Secretary ---- Stating Germany would help Mexico conquer the land it lost to the U.S. if Mexico allies with Germany
What new independent countries were created out of dissolving of the Austro-Hungarian Empire? (4)
Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia were all recognized as independent nations
Approximately, how many soldiers died in World War I?
10 million
After the Franco-Prussian War, Otto von Bismark unified Prussia into Germany. Who did Bismark view as the greatest threat to peace in Europe in the later half of the 1800s?
FRANCE
Vladimir Lenin was in exile in Germany for many years, Why did the Germans arrange for his return to Russia in 1917?
They believed he would stir up a revolution in Russia (this would preoccupy Russia in the WW1 -- and it did)
Who withdrew from the war in 1917 that allowed for Germany to send all its forces to the Western Front?
RUSSIA
What did the Treaty of Versailles create?
The League of Nations - an international association whose goal would be to keep peace among nations.
Why was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand a crucial event leading to the declaration of war in Europe?
Due to the Archduke being heir to the Austrian throne and the person who committed the assassination was Serbian and the Serbians and Austrians did not like each other.
What three countries formed the Triple Entente?
Great Britain, Russia, and France
Lenin and the Bolsheviks took over and restructured the government, transforming the Russian Empire into the first communist country called __________________.
The Soviet Union --- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR)
Describes the purpose of the Gallipoli Campaign?
The Allied Powers were trying to get to Constantinople (the Ottoman Capital) to provide a supply line to Russia
According to the Treaty of Versailles, who was held solely responsible for the war and forced to pay reparations?
Germany
Why did Germany declare war on Russia?
Because Russia mobilized troops to the Russian/German borders after Austria declared war on their ally, Serbia.