Native American Genocide consideration
What four major factors caused massive Native population decline?
What are disease, violence, starvation, and forced removal
What was the forced removal of Native Americans between 1830 and 1850 called?
What is the Trail of Tears?
What type of resistance involved Native nations fighting to defend their land?
What is armed resistance?
What belief led Pilgrims to label Native Americans as “savages”?
What is ethnocentrism?
By 1900, what had happened to Native populations?
What is that they were reduced to a small percentage of their original population?
What type of vulnerability weakened immune systems through starvation and displacement?
What is systemic vulnerability?
Approximately how many Native Americans were forced from their homes during removals?
What is about 100,000 people?
Which Native group resisted removal during the Seminole Wars in Florida?
Who are the Seminole?
Which two European powers made the United States feel threatened in the early 19th century?
Who were Spain and England?
Where were most Native nations forced to live after removal?
What are reservations?
What policy outlawed traditional Native religious ceremonies?
What is the Religious Crimes Code?
What 1830 law authorized Native removal, signed by Andrew Jackson?
What is the Indian Removal Act of 1830?
What form of resistance involved Native nations taking their cases to U.S. courts?
What is legal resistance?
By the 19th century, the U.S. underwent a major shift in what area of society that worsened Native relations?
What are race relations?
What system removed Native children from their families to force assimilation?
What is the residential (boarding) school system?
What act broke communal tribal lands into individual plots to weaken Native societies?
What is the Dawes Act?
What violent method involved the deliberate spread of smallpox during the 1763 siege of Fort Pitt?
What is intentional infection (biological warfare)?
What Supreme Court case ruled that Georgia could not control Cherokee land?
What is Worcester v. Georgia?
What growing demand from American settlers intensified pressure on Native lands?
What is the demand for more land?
Even when Native nations won court cases, what often happened next?
What is that the government ignored the rulings?
Why do historians describe U.S. actions toward Native Americans as genocide?
What is the intentional destruction of Native populations, cultures, and ways of life through violence, displacement, and assimilation?
Which military strategy, led by Kit Carson, destroyed crops and livestock to force the Navajo Long Walk?
What is scorched-earth warfare?
What form of resistance involved secretly teaching language, traditions, and ceremonies despite assimilation efforts?
What is cultural resistance?
What combination of territorial expansion and racial ideology helped justify Native displacement in the 19th century?
What are settler expansion and ethnocentric racial beliefs?
Despite genocide and displacement, how did Native communities respond long-term?
What is that they survived, rebuilt their governments, and continue preserving their cultures today?