Notable Dates
In 1786 the first what was established?
Reservation
Traditional Native Americans were able to provide food and nutrition for their tribes through this form of survival technique?
Hunting and Gathering
How many Federally recognized Native American tribes are in Minnesota ?
11
What types of oppression occurred when Europeans first came into contact with Natives?
When Europeans came in contact with traditional native tribes they exploited their resources, were dishonest in their dealings with the Natives (such as not honoring treaties), slavery, starvation, introduction of alcohol and introduction of many foreign diseases that Natives were unprepared to deal with (Treuer, 2013 & Weaver, 2014).
Definition of Historical Trauma?
Brockie, Dana-Sacco, Wallen, et.al. (2015) define historical trauma as “the collective experience of violence perpetrated against Indigenous Peoples in the process of colonizing the Americas resulting in an unresolved humanitarian crisis for reservation communities.”
Infection: TB, Disease: poor diet d/t no resources/ no longer know how, Racism, segregation, etc.
1867
How were the elderly, women, and children viewed in Native culture?
Elderly: wisdome
Women: integral, places of power
Children: gift from the Creator
Weaver, 2014
What is the definition of a Federally Recognized Reservation?
Reservation segregation and lack of resources has lead to what on present day reservations?
High unemployment, poor healthcare, little to no strong infrastructure, poor education, high crime rates, increased social problems.
12 Aboriginal Views on Mental Health.
See Weaver, 2014
The 1887 Dawes Act allowed the American government to do what to the native lands?
To take them from the natives, plot them, then sell them.
What political structure in American government gets its roots from Native Tribal systems?
Democratic structure (Weaver, 2014).
Out of the 11 reservations, which reservation is considered "closed" ?
Red Lake Reservation (Miskwaagamiiwi-zaaga'igan) "The Red Lake Reservation is the only closed reservation in Minnesota, which means that the reservation was never allotted and the land continues to be held in common by all tribal members." (MN Indian Affairs Council, 2018)
Spiritual practices
What are the four paths/hills of life according to Annashibee tradition?
1: Feeling - learning to balance emotions
2: Watching and Learning - to be silence to see what is going on
3: Reflection - integrate what we have learned into how we should behave
4: Doing - take action and give out knowledge to youngers
What was the name of the 1928 report that showed the disparities in native healthcare, education, and economic opportunies when being compared to that of the greater American population?
Meriam Report
Due to being very spiritual, they viewed all things as having a spiritual essence, therefore they treated the earth and the environment with great care and respect.
Close to home, what is the name of the Native American Reservation found in Shakopee, MN?
Mdewakanton Sioux
Christian values and European culture. If they were to exhibit any sort of native culture, such as language and religious practices, they were severely punished.
See Weaver, 2014
In 1994, this law was passed giving Native American tribes the ability to govern themselves.
1994 Tribal Self Governance Act
What is a Pow-wow?
A dance that serves many functions :
What are the two branches of Tribes within MN?
Anishinaabe (Chippewa, Ojibwe) and Dakota (Sioux)
Alex Alvarez, author of Native Americans and the Question of Genocide (2014) states, “all of these early attempts to use education as a means of transforming Native Americans reveal an ethnocentric mind-set completely devaluing and ignoring local traditions and practices” (Alvarez, 2014