Ecosystems
What is the place where all the living and non-living things interact?
An ecosystem!
What is the biotope?
all non-living things in an ecosystem
What is the biosphere?
The biosphere = all the ecosystems of the Earth, it extends 10km below and 10km above the surface
Caterpillars are what level of a consumer?
primary consumer
What are some natural changes?
seasonal changes, fires, hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, volcanos
What is a consumer?
Something that gets energy by eating food not producing it.
Economy: someone who buys products, they do not make them.
What is the biocenosis?
all living things in an ecosystem
Why does the biosphere go 10km above the surface?
Vultures can fly up to 10km above the Earth's surface
When plants use the the sun's energy, water, and carbon monoxide to make their own food.
What is photosynthesis?
what is a chaparral ecosystem?
a terrestrial ecosystem with mild winters, hot & dry summers, and frequent fires in summer
What does carnivore mean?
Animal that eats meat only
Where do elephants live? Are they part of the biotope or biocenosis?
Savannah, they are part of the Savannah's biocenosis
Why does the biosphere go 10km below Earth's surface?
some microscopic organisms can live in the bottom of the ocean, 10km below Earth's surface
Cats are what level of a consumer?
Cats -> birds -> insects/worms -> plants
What are consequences of human activity?
human activity can destroy habitats or entire ecosystems, and can cause animals to go extinct.
What does herbivore mean?
What is the biotope & biocenosis or a desert?
Desert biotope: sand & rocks, little water
Biocenosis: camels, cactus, grass
What's a habitat?
Habitat = the place where a population lives
What are decomposers?
Fungi & bacteria, the eat (break down) dead organisms
What are the 4 types of harmful human activity?
pollution, overfishing, forest fires, deforestation
What does omnivore mean?
Animal that eats both plants and animals
All members of the same species (specific organism) in an ecosystem are called what?
Give an example
a population
(a population of parrots, a population of humans)
What is the habitat of a clown fish?
Coral Reef
What does terrestrial mean?
land-living
What is pollution?
What is deforestation?
Pollution: when humans put bad chemicals into the air, water, or soil
Deforestation: when humans cut down too many trees (for paper or to make farms/towns)
What are the 2 types of ecosystems according to human activity?
Natural ecosystems = NO humans
Artificial ecosystems = humans
A group of living things found in an ecosystem is called what?
Give an example
a community (more than 1 species)
What is a biome?
a group of ecosystems that have similar geography and climate
ex. rainforests in America, Asia, and Africa all make up a biome
What means water-living?
aquatic
What is overfishing?
How do humans start forest fires?
Overfishing: when humans fish too much
Forest Fires: when humans have BBQs, throw cigarettes or broken bottles on the ground
What do we call natural ecosystems on land?
Give 3 examples
Terrestrial ecosystems:
Prairie/savannah/grasslands, forest/woodland, tropical rainforest, coasts, tundra, deserts
What is the biotope of a city ecosystem? Whats the biocenosis?
City biotope: cars, buildings/houses, roads, phones, light posts, trash, pond, lake, or canal
City biocenosis: humans, trees, birds, cats, dogs, bugs, rats, etc.
Give an example of a biome
the same type of forest around the world,
rainforests, tundra,
deserts in America, Africa, Asia
Mountain tops
How does energy in an ecosystem go from one organism to another?
By a food chain. (a big animal eats a smaller animal that eats a plant)
What is sustainable development?
Economic development that doesn't cause permeant damage to the environment
What are natural aquatic ecosystems? Examples?
What are artificial aquatic ecosystems? Examples?
Natural Aquatic: natural bodies of water
ex. river, ocean, wetlands, lakes
Artificial Aquatic: man-made bodies of water
ex. reservoirs, garden ponds, canals, some lakes
Describe the biotope of a prairie/savannah.
Prairie/Savannah biotope:
soil, rocks, river, lakes
Algae and water plants have a healthy exchange of this
What is gas in the water?
What shows how food chains work in an ecosystem?
A food web!
What are the 4 ways we can help protect nature?
Saving water, saving energy, recycling, respecting nature
What is an INTRAspecific relationship?
give an example
INTRA: relationship between the same species
(human - human)
(duck - duck)
What is the coldest ecosystem? Describe it biotope and biocenosis
Arctic
Biotope: ice, water
Biocenosis: penguins, seals, polar bears, fish
Healthy Elodea is this color
What is bright yellow green?
Birds are what level of consumer?
Secondary consumer
Birds -> insects -> plants
How can YOU save water and energy?
I can turn off the shower when I put on soap/shampoo
I can turn off the lights when I'm not using them
What is an INTERspecific relationship?
give an example
INTER: relationship between different species
(human - dog)
(duck - eagle)
What's the difference between forest and rainforest ecosystems?
Rainforests are near the equator, hot & humid, and home to more than 1/2 of terrestrial animals on Earth
Forests can have many animals but rainforests have more. Forests can be cold and dry.
Almost all food chains begin with this
What is the sun?
Are humans carnivores, herbivores, or omnivores?
Humans can be omnivores or herbivores
What materials can we recycle?