CYCLONE/HURRICAN
A relatively calm area in the centre of the storm.
What is the eye?
Smaller quakes produced after a major quake that are caused by rocks shifting to new positions.
What are aftershocks?
A tornado that forms over water.
What is a waterspout?
Regions in these zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time to evacuate as possible.
What are tsunami danger zones?
Hot liquid rock under the Earth’s surface is known this; it is called lava after it comes out of a volcano.
What is magma?
The maximum sustained surface wind of a tropical cyclone is at least this speed or greater.
What is 100 kmh?
Waves of energy that are released during an earthquake.
What are seismic waves?
This swirling cloud is the first sign of potential tornado activity.
What is a funnel-shaped cloud?
Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or these.
What are volcanic eruptions?
Sulfur dioxide is shot into the atmosphere by a volcano, then mixes with rain and falls back to Earth as this.
What is Acid Rain?
An organized ring of cumulonimbus clouds that surround the eye.
What is the eye wall?
The underground point of origin of an earthquake where the rocks break and move.
What is the focus?
This country averages around 1200 tornadoes every year, more than any other country.
What is the USA?
When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast) they slow down but increase in this.
What is height?
A giant flat volcano with a giant magma chamber that can eject thousands of cubic km of ash, rock and lava with an eruption 10 000 times stronger than any eruption in recent history.
What is a supervolcano?
An abnormal rise of water generated by a storm.
What is a storm surge?
The instrument used to measure the strength or magnitude of an earthquake.
What is the Richter Scale?
The majority of US tornadoes occur in a geographically unique area nicknamed this.
What is ‘Tornado Alley’?
In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of this country caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15000 people.
What is Japan?
The word volcano originally comes from the name of this Roman god of fire.
Who is Vulcan?
A 1 to 5 categorisation based on the hurricane's intensity at the indicated time.
What is the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale?
A huge crack that runs through most of California that separates the North American and Pacific plates.
What is the San Andreas Fault?
Tornadoes are rated from EF0 - EF5 on this scale, developed in the 1960's and based on observed damage.
What is the Enhanced Fujita Scale?
The Japanese word tsunami literally means this.
What is ‘harbor wave’?
A thick cloud of superheated gas and ash which, upon eruption, flows down the volcano at top speeds of 150mph, destroying everything it touches.
What is Pyroclastic Flow?