Natural Hazards Vocab
What do we call the part of the volcano where lava, ash and smoke come out?
vent
Earthquakes occur the most at this plate boundary.
Transform (and convergent too)
Tsunamis occur the most where in the world?
Pacific Ring of Fire
landslides
An event that occurs naturally and can have a negative impact on people
Natural Hazard
Do volcanoes have precursor events?
Yes!
What scale do we use to measure earthquakes?
Richter Scale
What are 2 precursors of tsunamis?
wave size
earthquakes
What are 2 causes of mass wasting?
1. earthquakes
2. heavy flooding
To reduce the impact of an event
mitigate
Pompeii's downfall was due to this volcano erupting
Mount Vesuvius
Which wave type can travel through earth (mantle, core and crust)?
Body waves
1. DART (early warning system)
2. Make emergency plans
3. build sea walls
Name all 4 types of mass wasting events.
creep
earthflow
mudflow
rockfall
The number of times an event happens in a specific amount of time
frequency
What are the four types of volcanoes?
cinder cone
composite (or stratovolcano)
Shield
Lava Dome
Name a fault in the US.
San Andreas Fault
New Madrid Fault
What are the 4 causes of tsunamis?
1. underwater volcanic eruptions
2. underwater earthquakes
3. underwater landslides
4. asteroid impacts
Name 2 ways mass wasting can be mitigated?
1. stabilizing steep slopes to prevent water seepage (engineers do this)
2. walls built at bottom of slopes to prevent erosion
3. channels carved in slope to divert water
4. wells at bottom of slope to drain water
the strength or intensity of an event, represented by a numerical scale
magnitude
What are the 4 hazards of volcanoes that make them so dangerous?
Flowing Lava
Tephra
Pyroclastic Flow
Lahars
How can the effects of earthquakes be mitigated?
building structures to withstand earthquakes
have an emergency bag packed
have a plan
Describe a megathrust and how they relate to tsunamis.
an 8.5 or higher magnitude earthquake caused by 1 plate slipping underneath another. can cause massive tsunamis like in 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami
Landslides that happen from volcanic eruptions are called...
lahars