Minerals
What does inorganic mean?
Inorganic means not deriving from living things.
What is a metamorphic rock?
These are igneous or sedimentary rocks which have changed over a long period of time after being subjected to great heat or pressure.
Define mining.
Mining is the extraction of minerals and rocks from the ground.
What effects can happen from a volcano eruption?
It can create new landforms such as islands
It can cause a lot of damage to infrastructure in towns and cities.
The accumulation of eroded materials in a certain area after being moved by external geological agents.
Deposition
What two chemical elements do silicates contain?
Silicon and oxygen
What is a sedimentary rock?
A rock formed from fragments of other rocks or parts of dead living things.
Give two ways to make mining more sustainable.
Use electrical machinery
Find alternative uses for waste
Close mines to avoid illegal mining
Keep the soil when mining starts in an area
Recycle materials and minerals
What is the name of the Spanish island which had a volcano erupt in 2021?
La Palma, Canary Islands
The movement of loose eroded materials from the place where they were eroded to another place.
Transportation
Name 3 physical properties which can be used to identify minerals.
Colour, lustre, magnetism, hardness
What is an igneous rock?
A rock which is formed when magma or lava cools down or solidifies.
Materials which cannot easily be replaced are __________ resources.
Non-renewable
What is a volcano?
A mountain or hill which contains magma. When it erupts it can affect the surrounding landscape.
What are some human actions which make humans geological agents?
Hunting, mining, building cities, gathering materials, farming, road construction.
What are the 3 characteristics something must have to be considered a mineral?
Natural
Solid
Inorganic
Which mineral(s) does the rock 'limestone' contain?
Calcite
What are the two types of mining?
Underground and surface.
What is an earthquake?
A sudden shake in the ground due to a release of the Earth's internal energy.
Name three external geological agents.
Surface water, underground water, wind, glaciers, seas, living things
What is quartz used to produce?
Electronic products, glass and jewellery.
Which mineral(s) does the rock 'granite' contain?
Quartz, feldspar and mica
In which part of Spain was the biggest gold mine of the Roman Empire?
Las Medulas, León
How are mountain ranges formed?
They are formed when the Earth's plates crash together.
The wearing down of rocks and soil by the action of water, ice, particles in the air and living things.
Erosion