Natural Selection
Why are variations important in the process of natural selection?
One trait may benefit a species or organism to better survive in an environment.
What is a variation?
A slight difference in a trait
Who "discovered" the idea of natural selection by studying plants and animals?
Charles Darwin
What happens if a species can't adapt to its environment?
It dies/becomes extinct
What weighs more? One ton (2 pounds) of concrete or 1 ton of feathers?
They weigh the same - 1 ton
What 2 natural things cause variations?
Sexual reproduction and mutations
What is selective breeding?
Breeding organisms for a desired/wanted trait
What types of things can species compete for? Name 3
Food, water, avoidance of being prey, shelters, mates, resources
What type of adaptation is a bear lowering its body temperature and metabolism when it hibernates?
Functional
What is glyocolysis?
How your cells produce energy (ATP) from glucose (sugar)
Tortoises and finches and mockingbirds
What is adaptation?
A trait that increases an organism's chance of surviving and reproducing
What are the two types of structural adaptations discussed in the book that help an species avoid predators?
Camouflage and mimicry
Name all 3 types of adaptations
What is the address of our school?
2 Union St.
Define mutation
A change in the sequence of a gene (on a chromosome)
What is "fitness" ?
The ability of an animal to live longer and reproduce more
What was the name of Darwin's ship?
The HMS Beagle
Pick any animal and state 2 ways it may of adapted, using the terms of the type of adaptation.
Wolf:
- learning to hunt in a pack - functional
- growing thicker fur - structural
What is the name of the tool doctors use to hear heartbeats?
Stethoscope
Variation or adaptation??
1. these are caused as a result of reproduction
2. these occur over years
3. how a species may behave is an example of this
4. this could be caused by a mutation
1. variations
2. adaptations
3. adaptation
4. variation
What is artificial selection? Give an example.
The process of changing a species, but with humans, rather than nature selecting the traits.
How breeds of dogs have changed over time
Humans changing an environment; causing a species to change
There were 3 tortoise species that adapted to their unique islands. Name 2 of the 3.
Saddleback, domed, intermediate.
Give an example of each type of adaptation
Behavioral - how it behaves/acts
Functional - how its internal body may function
Structural - how its body is structured
Name all 6 characteristic of life and define homeostasis. In 1 minute.
- use of energy
- reproduces
- has cells
- responds
- Grows and develops
- Maintains homeostasis - ability to maintain steady conditions, when outside conditions may change