Geology
Evolution
Darwin's Observations
Types of Natural Selection
Vocab
100
Traces of organisms that existed in the past.
Fossils
100
Process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors
Evolution
100
differences in physical traits
variation
100
occurs when individuals with traits on one side of the mean in their population survive better or reproduce more than those on the other
Directional selection
100
organisms produce more offspring than will survive (creates competition)
Overproduction
200
Theory that natural disasters,have happened often during Earth’s long history.
Catastrophism
200
developed a classification system to name living things
Carolus Linnaeus
200
a feature that allows an organism to better survive in environment
adaptation
200
a type of natural selection in evolution that favors the average individuals in a population and reduces extremes.
Stabilizing selection
200
Over time, natural selection will result in species with adaptations that are well suited for survival
Descent with Modification
300
Theory that the same changes that occur today have always been occuring
uniformitarianism
300
proposed species shared ancestors instead of arising separately
Georges Buffon
300
Before the industrial revolution, soot was rare in the English countryside. A light-colored moth was difficult to see against the clean bark. This is an example of what process.
Natural Selection
300
A specific type of natural selection that actively selects against the intermediate in a population, favoring both extremes of the spectrum.
Disruptive selection
300
features that are similar in structure but have different functions (suggested common ancestor)
homologous structures
400
Said geologic change occurred gradually (called gradualism)
James Hutton
400
Proposed that all living things were descended from a common ancestor
Erasamus Darwin
400
Darwin was able to observe the Finches levels of what on the Galapagos islands
Fitness
400
Disruptive Selection
400
structures that perform similar function but are not similar in origin
analogous structures
500
Said changes in Earth occurred at constant rate over time
Charles Lyell
500
proposed theory that all organisms evolved toward perfection and complexity.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
500
What two species did Darwin primarily examine on the Galapagos islands.
Turtles, Finches
500
Stabilizing Selection
500
Type of selection in which humans select the traits to be inherited
Artificial Selection