Darwin
The type of scientist that Darwin was
What is a Naturalist
A difference between organisms in a population
What is a variation
This type of evidence for evolution includes scientists looking at the layers of the earth and the organism remains that are found in them
What is the Fossil Record
What is stabilizing selection - an example is birth weight in babies
This type of structure has a similar structure and may or may not function similarly and shows common ancestry
What is a homologous structure
Darwin travelled to these islands to collect samples
What are the Galapagos Islands
A variation that is beneficial for an organism and increases its survival chances
What is an adaptation
This type of structure has a similar function but not a similar make up and does not show common ancestry
What is an analogous structure
A requirement or principle of natural selection - that there are too many offspring produced than can survive
What is overpopulation
This type of evidence for evolution includes scientists looking at the body structures of organisms and identifying similarities and differences in order to show relatedness
What is comparative anatomy
Darwin observed that these organisms were different depending on what their needs were on the particular islands (answer has organism and differences)
What are the Galapagos Finches - beak size/shape
What are the Galapagos Tortoises - shell shape and neck length
This type of selection acts on a population to favor the extremes - and give an example
What is disruptive selection - an example is oyster shell color
This type of structure is no longer used but can illustrate a function the organism may have used in the past
What is a vestigial structure
A requirement or principle of natural selection - that the variations organisms have must be
What is heritable
This type of evidence for evolution includes scientists looking at the developmental stages of vertebrates in order to identify similarities and differences
What is embryology
Darwin's theory
What is the theory of biological evolution by natural selection
A requirement or principle of natural selection - that organisms in a population must have
what is variations
This type of evidence for evolution includes scientists looking at the amino acid sequences of particular proteins to determine relatedness between species
What is molecular biology
This type of selection favors the extreme on one end of the spectrum and shifts the average - and give an example
What is directional selection - and an example is neck length in giraffes
This type of evolution takes place slowly over a long period of time, the changes are small and incremental before a new species comes about
What is Gradualism
Darwin's three observations on his journey
What are that species vary locally, species vary globally and species vary over time.
This type of selection was observed by Darwin in England and helped him to make his conclusions about natural selection
What is artificial selection - Darwin observed dog breeding
The three types of structures that we can use to compare organisms
What are homologous structures, analogous structures, vestigial structures
A requirement or principle of natural selection - that the organisms in a population are competing for available habitats or resources
What is competition or survival of the fittest
This type of evolution occurs in rapid intervals over time, the changes are more drastic and rapid to create a new organism
What is punctuated equilibrium