A
What is natural selection?
Species that are best adapted to their environment are able to reproduce
survival of the _____
Fittest
What causes evolution?
Natural selection over generations
True or false: evolution happens quickly and can change in one generation
False
True or False. Organisms choose their adaptations that lead to changes in species over time.
False
What is a change in an organism that allows for it to survive in its environment?
adaptation
What are two sources of variation?
Mutations and Sexual Reproduction
What did Charles Darwin discover?
Natural selection via different characteristics in tortoises and birds
Give three examples of competition...
Food
Shelter
Space
Water
Mates
Are mutations random?
Yes
Draw on the board a phylogenic tree that shows four organisms (A,B,C,D) who are all related in some way to organism E. Also A and B are the youngest species on the tree.
What is a common ancestor?
an ancestor shared by multiple, often seemingly different, descendant species
What did Jean-Baptiste Lamarck hypothesize?
Changes in a species occurred over time due to its lifetime use of their physical traits (ie. Giraffe neck)
Do fossils provide evidence of evolution? If so, how?
Yes, fossils provide evidence of evolution because they can show how an organisms have changed over time.
In an arctic habitat; are white foxes or grey foxes more likely to survive and why?
White foxes are more likely to survive becase their white coats help them blend into the snow
In the 1900s, when there was soot intoxicating the air, what color were the moths because of natural selection?
Black
What might cause an organism to become extinct?
An organism could go extinct because its traits are no longer suited to live in a specific environment. This can be caused when the environment changes.
Organisms with traits that _____ their chances of surviving and reproducing in their environment tend to leave more offspring
Increase
Is the case stood of the peppered moth an example or artificial or natural selection and why?
Natural selection, because the rise in population with the specific moths grew with the changing environmental factor
What is a species?
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchange genes or interbreeding (reproducing)
In an environment with food that grows on trees; are animals with long legs more likely to survive than animals with short legs and why?
Yes, animals with long legs, necks or any phenotype that makes them taller will be more likely to survive because they have easier access to food.
True or false : populations evolve, not individuals.
True
Natural selection over many generations creates ______
Evolution
What is a population?
A species that lives and inbreeds within a specific area
Explain how a mutation can lead to a change in physical traits?
A mutation in the DNA can build a protein that physically shows up as a physical trait on the body of a species.