Vocabulary
Darwin's Theory
Evolution
Evidence of Natural Selection
Scenarios
100
What is the genetic material that contains the information for life?
What is DNA?
100
Each species produces more offspring that can survive is known as
Overproduction
100
What word describes the change of species over long periods of time?
Evolution
100
Species that hove more similar sequences of this suggest species are more closely related
DNA
100
In an arctic environment, which would survive longer: red foxes or white foxes?
White foxes
200
What is a piece of DNA that contains the information for a trait called?
What is a gene?
200
The individuals with the best traits/adaptations will survive and have the opportunity to pass on it’s traits to offspring is know as...
Natural Selection
200
Animals with favorable variations reproduce more successfully than organisms with less favorable variations. This statement best describes the concept of
A) overproduction
B) use and disuse
C) inheritance of acquired characteristics
D) survival of the fittest
D) survival of the fittest
200
Evidence of the changes in a species' physical characteristics over long geological periods can best be shown through this
The fossil record
200
Whales, which live in the water, have hips. These structures are important for carrying the weight of animals that walk on land. Finding this body part in animals that don’t walk on land is best explained how?
1. Whales have evolved this structure because it might be useful in the future
2. Whales are able to interbreed with animals that have hips
3. Whales have a diet that includes other animals that have this structure.
4. Whales share a common ancestor with animals that walk on land.
4. Whales share a common ancestor with animals that walk on land.
300
What is a change in a gene that results in a new trait?
What is a mutation?
300
Each individual has a unique combination of inherited traits.
Variation
300
Favorable adaptations that can be passed down from parents to offspring do NOT include
A) the basic structure of the organism
B) the reflex actions of the organism
C) the manner in which the organism carries out respiration
D) techniques for hunting food learned by the parents
D) techniques for hunting food learned by the parents
300
What are bones in different organisms that are similar in shape and structure but serve a different purpose. This indicates a common ancestor.
Homologous Structures
300
A pumpkin farmer wants to grow the largest pumpkins possible. He mates his largest pumpkin with his second largest pumpkin and plants the seeds. The next year he mates the pumpkins from these seeds with his largest pumpkins. Eventually, he starts getting very large pumpkins. What is this considered?
a. Natural Selection
b. Artificial Selection
c. Evolution
d. Extinction
b. Artificial selection
400
A TRAIT that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
What is Adaptation?
400
All individuals__________________ for limited resources: Food, water, space, mates.
Compete/Competition
400
Which animal is the most related to humans?
Chimpanzee
400
A bird's developmental stages resemble those of a reptile. This observation used to illustrate the probable common ancestry of these organisms is called...
embryology
400
A population of hummingbirds have long beaks and short beaks. The flowers the hummingbirds usually eat from have died and now the hummingbirds need to eat from smaller flowers. How will the population of hummingbirds change?
The hummingbirds with long beaks will die and there will be more hummingbirds with short beaks.
500
In the context of natural selection, what is fitness?
What is the ability to survive and reproduce
500
Which of the following statements about natural selection is most accurate?
A) Natural selection is a random process that takes place over long periods of time.
B) Natural selection acts so that all negative traits in a population are removed over time.
C) Natural selection relies on advantageous traits becoming more common in the population.
D) Natural selection reduces the likelihood of extinction for organisms which are not adapted to their environment.
C) Natural selection relies on advantageous traits becoming more common in the population.
500
Which species most likely went extinct first?
Docodonta
500
What are “leftover” traces of evolution that serve no purpose?
Vestigial Structure
500
Iguanas on the mainland have smaller, sharper claws compared to the larger, meaty claws found on island iguanas. Why did the two populations of iguanas develop claws with different physical traits?
The mainland iguanas and the island iguanas adapted claws that better suited their environment which allowed them to eat and survive (Natural Selection)