Natural Selection
By studying fossil records, scientists have concluded that the horses that lived 50 million years ago were much smaller, weaker, and slower than modern horses. Which natural process is responsible for the evolutionary changes that have led to increased size, strength, and speed in horses?
What is Natural Selection
Term that best describes a specially developed characteristic that enables an organism to live in a specific environment.
Variations
A mechanism of evolution usually causing an increase in genetic diversity within a species.
What is mutation?
Those structures in different species which perform the same function, have similar appearance and structure but are not evolved together
What are Analogous structures?
an organism produced by copying genes from a species with a desirable trait and inserting them into another species
What is a genetically modified organism/(GMO)?
Which group of organisms can display the most significant adaptations to their environment in the shortest period of time.
What is bacteria?
This is likely to happen to a species that lacks the variation necessary to adapt to a changing environment.
What is, it will become extinct over time.
A certain genetic mutation is found with a high frequency in population of humans living in places that experienced a deadly disease in the past. This same mutation is rare in places that have no history of the disease. Based on how genes work, this data best supports which of the following explanations?
What is,This genetic mutation codes for the production of a protein that provides resistance to the disease.
Same evolutionary origin and different functions.
What are Homologous Structures?
any inherited characteristic of an organism that can be observed or detected
What is a genetic trait?
A phrase best define natural selection.
What is survival of the organisms that best adapt to the environment.
Greg is studying a grassland system. His data show that the area experiences a short drought every year. During this drought, the amount of vegetation is reduced, and little water is available.
Which adaptations provide an organism with the greatest chance for surviving the drought?
What is Long neck to reach vegetation in tall trees. Able to survive long periods without water.
A condition that is essential for natural selection to result tin a new species
What is An inherited variation
Bat wings consist of flaps of skin stretched between the bones of the fingers and arm. Bird wings consist of feathers extending all along the arm. These structural dissimilarities suggest that bird wings and bat wings were not inherited from a common ancestor with wings.
What are analogous structures?
the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits
What is selective breeding?
Theory of Natural Selection
What is Over time advantageous traits will be found in more of the population.
Fantails are goldfish that have very large and elaborate tail fins. These fish were selectively bred from an original population of fish with ordinary, much smaller tail fins. What characteristic was necessary in the original population of fish for human to be able to selectively breed fantails from this population?
What is There had to be variation in the size of tail fins.
The most immediate result of a gene mutation in an organism.
What is a change in a protein produced by the organism?
The result of analogous structures
What is Convergent evolution?
Any difference between individuals of the same species.
Galapagos finches are birds that live on islands off the coast of South America. The finches on the various islands are very different from each other.As a result of the different food resources on the islands, which of the following structures of the Galapagos finches experienced the greatest change through natural selection?
Beak Shape
A certain species of freshwater frog varies in several characteristics. All have spots, but the size and number vary. Males of the species vocalize loudly, while females are silent. All the frogs eat insects, but some frogs are more successful hunters. When the pond dries up, some members of the species can survive without water by entering a state of inactivity, like sleep. Which of those characteristics will likely become more common in the population after several years of very little rainfall?
What is More frogs will enter an inactive state.
For evolution to function, all of the following characteristics of genes are necessary Except-
What is Genes result in traits that provide advantages?
Human eyes and mouse eyes are each inherited them from our common ancestor that also had the same sort of eyes
What are Homologous Structures?
Selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation among different organisms
What is artificial selection?