Important Figures
This person is a french novelist, journalist, the best-known practitioner of the school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism, who is it?
Émile Zola
Who wrote,"The Red Badge of Courage"?
Stephen Crane
The doctrine that all events, including human action, are ultimately determined by causes external to the will.
Determinism
largely shaped by heredity and environment, with limited free will. This challenged the Romantic notion of individual agency and moral responsibility. What is this called?
Deterministic view
He helped define naturalism as a literary movement distinct from realism and romance, emphasizing the influence of heredity, environment, and social forces on individuals, who is it?
Frank Norris JR
Who wrote, "McTeague""?
Frank Norris JR
The quality of being objective.
Objectivity
What shift did the movement cause in regards to view on life?
It caused people to view life more realistically and focus on the darker aspects of life.
He wrote the novels Maggie: A Girl of the Streets and the short story "The Open Boat", who is it?
Stephen Crane
Who wrote, "Germinal"?
Émile Zola
Who is the subject of almost all works during this movement?
The working class
Naturalism was a precursor to what other literary movement?
Naturalism was a precursor to modernism.
He played a pivotal role in popularizing and solidifying naturalism as a major literary movement in the United States, particularly through his novels that explored the impact of environment, who is he?
Theodore Dreiser
Who wrote, "Sister Carrie"?
Theodore Dreiser
Tending to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen.
Pessimism
Writers became more ____ when writing.
Honest
Known for his works that emphasized the impact of environment and heredity on human (and animal) behavior, often depicting characters struggling against harsh natural forces or societal limitations, who is it?
Jack London
Who wrote, "The Call of the Wild"?
Jack London
Unlike earlier literary movements that favored historical or fantastical settings, naturalism often takes place in what settings?
Modern, urban, or industrial environments
Naturalism was loosely based on Darwinism, meaning that _____.
They believed that human behavior was largely determined by hereditary and environment.