The Meaning of and Elements
An act commited in which punishment is prescribed by law?
What is the meaning of crime?
Sometimes people act in a criminal way because they feel that the law they are breaking is wrong, or the actions that they are protesting against is wrong.
What is political factors?
Offences that involve breaking the rule of the road, such as speeding or not wearing a seatbelt.
What is driving offences?
A person (or persons) who helped the main perpetrator after a crime was committed?
What is the accessory after the fact?
Creating situations in which it is difficult for people to break the criminal law.
What is situational crime prevention?
The 'guilty act'
What is actus reus?
Statistically , people are more likely to commit crimes if they come from a poor or disadvantaged background.
What is social factors?
Offences including possession of illegal drugs ,trafficking, cultivation, manufacture and importation of drugs.
What is drug offences?
The actual perpetrator of a crime (the person who actually committed the crime)
What is the principal in the first degree?
Minor criminal offences heard and decided and decided by a magistrate sitting without a jury.
What is a summary offence?
The 'guilty mind'
What is mens rea?
This theory states some people are born criminals.
What is genetic factors?
Acts of omissions which aim to disrupt or harm the governing bodies of a country, such as spying, treason and illegal demonstrations.
What is offences against the sovereign?
A person (or persons) who helped plan the a criminal offence but was not there when it occurred?
What is the accessory before the fact?
Two or more people agreeing to do an unlawful act or to do a lawful act by unlawful means.
What is conspiracy?
The act or omission committed must have caused the specific injury complained of.
What is causation?
The Pine Gap 4 who illegally entered the Pine Gap defence facility in the NT.
What is R v Law and Ors?
Offences involving acts or omissions against people's property and finances.
What is an economic offence?
A person (or persons) who was present or who assisted the principal in the first degree in committing an offence.
What is the principal in the second degree?
Changing the social factors which cause people to become criminals.
What is social crime prevention?
No mens area needs to be proved. The actus rea is enough for a person to be guilty of the crime?
What is strict liability?
This theory means the lack of normal ethical or social standards in a person.
What is the Anomie Theory
Acts which occur in a public place and are seen as offensive or disruptive to the general population, such as offensive conduct and indecent exposure.
What are public order offences?
The judge or jury can only find the accused guilty of a crime if there is no reasonable doubt that the accused person actually did commit the crime.
What is beyond reasonable doubt?
Serious criminal offences that may be heard by a judge and jury.
What is an indictable offence?