Gas, Vapors, and fumes
What is a gas?
A state of matter consisting of particles, which have neither a defined volume nor defined shape, very different from vapors.
What is adhesion?
A force of nature that makes two surfaces stick together. Adhesion results when molecules on one surface are attracted to the molecules on another surface.
What is coating?
Products that cover the nail plate with a hardened film. Examples of typical coatings are nail polish, top coats, nail enhancements, and adhesives. The two types of coating is:
Coatings that cure or polymerize (Chemical reaction)
Coating that harden upon evaporation (Physical reaction)
What are thermal initiators, Photoinitiators?
Thermal initiators: are liquid and power systems that use energy from the heat of the room or hand.
Photoinitiators: Are UV curing products that derive their extra energy when exposed to UV.
What are plasticizers?
Are used to keep products flexible.
What is a vapor?
Are formed when liquids evaporate into the air. Any substance that is liquid at room temperature will form a vapor.
What are adhesives?
A chemical that causes two surfaces to stick together. Adhesives allow incompatible surfaces to be joined.
What is overfiling?
Excessively roughing up the nail plate-may case potentially dangerous, excessive thinning of the nail plate. Clients are more susceptible to developing infections under the nail plate once this occurs. It can also damage nail enhancement services causing the nail to lift, break, chip, curl, or free edge seperation.
What is a simple polymer chain; and what is a cross-liner?
Simple polymer chain: The head of one monomer reacts with the tail of another, and so on. The result is a long chain of monomers attached head to tail. These are called simple polymer chains. Wraps and tips form this type of polymer.
Cross-linker: A monomer that joins different polymer chains together. These cross-links are like rungs on a ladder. Cross-links create a strong new-like polymers, The result is a single-three-dimension structure of great strength and flexibility known as the nail enhancement.
UV Stabilizers?
Controls color stability and prevents sunlight from causing fading or discoloration.
What is evaporate?
A change from liquid to vapor form.
What is a nail primer?
What are polymers?
The molecules in the product join together in extremely long chains, with each chain containing millions of molecules. These gigantic chains of molecules are called polymers. Polymers can be liquids, but they usually are solids. Examples of polymers: Teflon, nylon, hair, and wood are polymers. Proteins are also polymers.
*Nail plates are made of many proteins, including keratin.
What are acrylics and acrylates, Methacrylates, and cyanocrylates?
Acrylics: All nail enhancements and adhesives are based on a family of chemical ingredients called acrylics. The three main types of acrylics used to make all nail enhancements and glues are: Methacrylates, Acrylates, Cyanocrylates.
Acrylates: All other UV gels are based on another type of acrylics are called acrylates.
Methacrylates: Are used to make all monomer liquid and polymer powder systems and at least one type of UV gel.
Cyanocrylates: All nail adhesives and wraps are based on cyanocrylates.
TRUE OR FALSE: Can both plasticizers and UV stabilizers ingredients be found in nail enhancement products, which serve the same function?
TRUE!!
A blend of soot-like particles mixed with vapors. They usually result from burning substances, such as candles, incense, cigarettes, and gasoline in a car engine.
*Nail monomers emit vapors, not fumes*
What is corrosive?
Substance that can cause visible and possibly irreversible permanent skin and eye damage. Nail primers, like most professional nail products must never touch the skin! Acid-based primers are corrosive and can cause painful burns and scars to soft tissue and eyes.
What is polymerization?
The chemical reaction that makes polymers are called polymerization. Sometimes the terms cure, curing, or hardening are used, but they all have the same meaning.
What is Methyl Methacrylate monomer (MMA)?
MMA: A substance that has been banned from the U.Sand in many other countries. However, its use continues in some nail salons.
What is overexposure?
Determines the toxicity. Overexposure is prolonged, repeated, or long-term exposure that can cause sensitivity.
BONUS: The higher the temperature, the faster the vapor will form. A vapor will turn back into a liquid if it is cooled again, this is called condensation. True or Fale?
TRUE
BONUS: Is nail polish a type of primer?
TRUE! Because the coat makes the nail polish adhere better. A base coat acts as the go-between or anchor. It improves adhesion.
What are monomers?
The individual molecules that join to make the polymer are called monomers. Monomers are the molecules that make up polymers. For an example: Amino acids are monomer that join together to make a polymer that is commonly called keratin.
BONUS: Is MMA is a safe product to use on nails?
FALSE
What are the steps to removing nail enhancements; And what should you keep acetone away from?
You should keep acetone away from excessive heat, open flames, sparks, and other source of ignitions. The proper way to soak off nail enhancement is to:
-Soak in acetone-Place clean terry cloth towel over the container.