Treatment
A useful technique for turning subjective qualitative information into more quantifiable data by having clients engage in self - assessment, collect data, and track information related to goals and targeted behavior
Client-self monitoring
The process of acknowledging and controlling personal values in counseling practice
Value suspension
Knowledge based on skills, learning, and experience
Crystallized Intelligence
A belief that one's culture is superior to anothers
Ethnocentrism
A form of interview that delves into the specific of topics that seemed particularly troubling for the client during the disclosure of the presenting problem
Exploratory interviewing
1. active listening
2. fostering trust and collaboration with the client
3. working together to identify the problems and solutions
4. Introducing allies
5. developing documented resolution plan
6. actively engaging all parties involved
7. support for sustaining the desired behaviors until the client is ready to terminate the intervention
The problem-solving approach
When the counselors values and knowledge about best practices are at odds with he clients values, history, relationship, or lifestyle
Conflicting values
Biological aging - based on physical changes
Psychological aging - based on changing personality, cognitive ability, adaptive ability, and perception
Chronological aging - actual years lived
Social aging - based on changes in one's relationships with family, friends, systems, and organizations
Four types of aging
A family unit that consists of a married man and woman and their immediate children
Nuclear Family
the clients perspective vs. the facts of the situation
subjective data vs. objective data
A clients transparent and voluntary decision to come in for and be actively involved in treatment
Indicators of motivation
the counselor puts aside any judgment and embraces the client by their actions or expressions of emotion or beliefs
Positive regard
Physical bullying - physical assault on someones property
Verbal bullying - verbal statements that tease or threaten a person
Relational bullying - an attempt to discredit or tarnish another persons reputation by spreading rumors or ignoring the target of bullying
Cyberbullying - destructive behaviors through e-mail, texting, or social media sites
Types of bullying
Boundaries that are characterized by having many rules about association with non-family, physical barriers used to limit access to the family, rigid rules and values, and few connections with others
Closed boundaries
danger to self or others, the extent to which a dysfunction distresses an individual, independent of the objective severity of the issue, behavior that interferes with daily living, a departure from the norm.
The four D's of abnormality:
Danger
Distress
Dysfunction
Deviance
Used to identify the supports and obstacles perceived by the client in current social interactions
DUAL PERSPECIVE WORKSHEET
A basic counseling skill where the counselor repeats what the client said to show that they are listening and to allow for a statement to be analyzed and interpreted
Reflecting
Grieving that is considered more cognitive and focuses on managing emotional reactions and problem solving
Instrumental Grieving
The initial threat or event that triggers a response
The escalation during which initial attempts to manage the crisis are ineffective and the individual begins to experience increased distress
The acute crisis phase when anxiety continues and may intensify
A complete psychological and emotional collapse , or the individual finds a method to resolve the situation
Caplan's phases of a crisis
The loss of pleasure or interest in activities
Anhedonia
Rationalization
Intellectual capacity and abilities
Creativity and innovation
Drive and initiative
Cognitive Skills
Furthering- counselor is listening by nodding the head , facial expressions, or encouraging responses
close/open ended questions - cannot be answered with a short response
clarifying and paraphrasing- counselor asks questions to ensure that they understand
Summarizing- summarizing the overall messages, problems, etc.
Active listening- using facial expressions, body language, etc. to show that the counselor is listening
Communication techniques
Aims to control the anxiety of not reacting to a particular obsession by having the client gradually confront the obsession and refrain from performing their usual compulsive action
Exposure and response prevention ERP
A defense mechanism where socially unacceptable thought or impulse is channeled in a more acceptable direction
Sublimation
A type of sexual dysfunction that has been present since the individuals first sexual experiences vs. one that develops after a period of normal sexual functioning
Lifelong subtype vs. Acquired subtype