Liquid Penetrant Inspection (LPI)
This factor, related to material surface roughness, can cause false indications and reduce penetrant sensitivity.
What is surface porosity? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 2.5.5)
This type of current is most effective for detecting surface cracks only, not subsurface.
What is alternating current (AC)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 3.2.4)
Variations in this parameter make ET less reliable on ferromagnetic alloys compared to non-ferrous.
What is magnetic permeability? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 4.2.2)
The ratio of defect signal amplitude to the back wall echo is used in this evaluation method.
What is Distance-Amplitude Correction (DAC)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 5.8.2)
This unit measures the biological effect of radiation dose on personnel.
What is the rem (or Sievert in SI units)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 6.9.3)
Fluorescent penetrants require this specific type of UV wavelength for inspection.
What is long-wave ultraviolet light (365 nm)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 2.5.4)
This standard tool is used to ensure the applied magnetic field direction and strength are sufficient before inspection.
What is a quantitative quality indicator (QQI)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 3.4.9)
This technique uses frequency selection to separate flaw signals from lift-off and geometry effects.
What is multifrequency eddy current inspection? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 4.5.3)
This material condition, common in castings, scatters sound energy and makes UT unreliable.
What is coarse grain structure? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 5.3.6)
Geometric unsharpness is minimized by using this relationship of source, object, and film.
What is small source size, short object-to-film distance, and long source-to-object distance? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 6.2.4)
This contaminant in emulsifier systems can reduce effectiveness and require system replacement.
What is water contamination (in hydrophilic emulsifiers)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 2.3.4)
Magnetizing a hollow part with a conductor through its bore creates this type of magnetic field.
What is a circular field? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 3.2.2)
The phase angle shift between conductivity and permeability is displayed on this type of ET plot.
What is the impedance plane diagram? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 4.4.2)
Shear wave transducers commonly use this wedge material to control refraction.
What is Plexiglas (or Lucite)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 5.7.2)
These devices are worn by personnel to monitor cumulative radiation dose.
What are dosimeters (film badge or TLDs)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 6.9.4)
This property of penetrant materials is quantified by kinematic viscosity measurements.
What is penetrant fluidity? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 2.3.2)
Excessive field strength can cause these false indications that mask real defects.
What are non-relevant indications from magnetic writing? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 3.4.5)
This specific probe design minimizes edge effect when inspecting near fastener holes.
What is a shielded probe? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 4.5.2)
A transducer with a broad frequency response and short pulse length has this advantage.
What is higher resolution of small flaws? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 5.4.3)
This isotope is most often used for very thick steel where Ir-192 is insufficient.
What is Cobalt-60? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 6.4.3)
This is the primary reason why penetrant inspection is not effective on porous ceramics.
What is excessive penetrant retention in pores (background fluorescence)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 2.2.2)
This is the minimum number of magnetization directions required to reliably detect defects of unknown orientation.
What are two perpendicular magnetizations? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 3.4.7)
This noise source results from temperature-related resistance changes in the test material.
What is thermal drift? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 4.2.5)
The phenomenon of constructive and destructive interference from parallel surfaces is known as this.
What is resonance or “ringing”? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 5.6.6)
The trade-off between this radiographic quality factor and exposure time is a key limitation in field work.
What is radiographic sensitivity (contrast vs. density)? (Ref: TO 33B-1-1, 6.2.2–6.2.3)