Spine
Vertebrae
What are the bones making up the spinal column called?
Unilaterally
What is “to one side”?
Intermittent
What is alternating stopping and beginning again?
Transitory
What is not lasting or temporary?
Spearing
What is when the athlete uses the top of the helmet to hit another athlete?
Cervical
What are the seven vertebrae that make up the upper region of spine?
Sternocleidomastoid and Scalene
What are muscles that flex and rotate the neck?
Athlete turns head to catch a ball and gets tackled. The body is forced forward by the blow while the head moves backward placing cervical spine in hyperextension, causing a whiplash. Athlete is point tender over the cervical joint.
What is a cervical sprain mechanism?
Disc moves out between the two vertebrae causing pinching of the disc
What is a disc bulge?
Axial Loading
What is a force delivered to the top of a straight column of vertebrae?
Lumbar
What are the five vertebrae that make up the low back?
Upper trapezius and deep cervical spine neck muscles
What are muscles that extend the neck?
Treatment of a neck sprain
What is rest, ice (intermittently), cervical collar if warranted and refer to doctor if needed?
Of unknown cause
What is idiopathic?
Athlete reports pain around cervical spine, weakness, numbness, tingling down the arms and loss of bladder and/or bowel control.
What are the signs and symptoms of a cervical spine fracture or dislocation?
Spinous Process
What is the posterior portion of the vertebrae called?
Movements of the neck
What are neck extension, flexion, rotation, and lateral flexion?
Cervical Nerve Stretch Syndrome or “Stinger/Burner” mechanism
What is when the head is forced into a lateral position while the athlete’s arm is pulled in the opposite direction?
Cervical Disc Injury Mechanism
What is sustained, repetitive cervical loading during contact sports causing the disc to extrude posterolaterally?
After ruling out life-threatening conditions and calling 911, the neck should be immobilized, and athlete placed on a spine board when paramedics arrive.
What is the treatment for a cervical spine fracture or dislocation?
Spinal Cord
What is the portion of the central nervous system that is contained within the vertebral foramen?
Trunk Flexion
What is lengthening of the back muscles and contraction of the abdominal and hip flexor muscles?
Low back muscle strain mechanism
What is sudden extension, with contraction on an overloaded, unprepared or underdeveloped spine usually in combination with trunk rotation?
Herniated Disc Mechanism
What develops from extruded posterolateral disc fragment involving a sustained, repetitive cervical loading during contact sports?
Safe hitting technique in football
What is athlete’s head is up and hits opponent using his shoulder?