Neolithic
What is a nomad?
Someone who travels around in search of food.
Someone who doesn't settle in one place
Name the two rivers in Mesopotamia
- Tigris & Euphrates
What is the name of the river in Egypt?
Nile
What is irrigation?
-the practice of applying controlled amounts of water to land to help grow crops
What is an innovation?
-new way of thinking or doing something, a new invention, new technology
What are three innovations during the Neolithic Revolution?
- Domestication of animals/plants
-Agriculture/Farming
-Calendar
-Shelters/homes (made from mud brick, stone, clay)
-Settlements (living in large groups)
-Tools for farming, eating, processing food
What is the name of the Babylonian King who codified the first laws?
-Hammurabi
Why were the pyramids of Giza built?
-Eternal resting place for the pharaohs
-necropolis
What are some innovations related to irrigation developed by early civilizations?
-dams, dykes, ditches
-Analyze the type of source
-See the intended audience, purpose for writing
-Look for any example of bias
Why was the discovery of agriculture considered a turning point in human history?
-people changed their way of life --> moved to settlements, stopped nomadic way of life, shift from hunter + gathering to farming
What are two major civilizations in Mesopotamia?
-Babylon
-Sumer
Bonus: Which civilization is older?
Name 3 Egyptian gods/goddesses
-Ra, Osiris, Isis, Geb, Nephythys, Anubis, Horus, Set, Nut
What is the Sumerian form of writing called?
Cuneiform
Bonus: What is the instrument called used in writing cuneiform on soft clay tablets?
What is geographic context?
- refers to where this historical development/event is taking place and why it is taking place there.
What years (approximately) were the Neolithic Age?
9,000- 3,000 BCE
What is the name of a stepped Babylonian temple?
-Ziggurat
Describe the social/class structure (hierarchy) of Ancient Egypt.
-Pharaoh (god king)
-High priests, government officials
-Merchants, artisans, farmers, scribes
-slaves
Who gave Hammurabi the authority to codify his laws?
-The god Shamash
What do we call the process of comparing multiple sources of evidence to see where they agree/disagree?
- Corroboration
-looking at what artifacts are made from (metal=Bronze Age, farming tools= Neolithic, stone + animal tools for hunting= Paleolithic)
What modern day country is Mesopotamia in?
Iraq
What is a bureaucracy?
-a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives
What is the name of the artifact that helped us translate hieroglyphics?
-Rosetta Stone
Bonus: What 3 languages are on the stone?
What is an enduring issue?
-a problem or challenge that has been debated or discussed across time and continues to be relevant today