Neonatal Emergency
If you cannot gain IV access in a neonate to give epinephrine, what is the BEST alternative route of administration?
IO
95-99 F
Vigorous newborns should be weighed and examined for congenital conditions, and their umbilical cord should be ligated, trimmed to 1 cm, and disinfected with a ___ tincture of iodine.
2%
When doing CPR on a neonate, what width of the chest should be compressed?
1/3-1/2 chest
compression depth of one‐third to one‐half of the chest width - Due to the very compliant chests, over compression is easily possible in the newborn and must be avoided to prevent injury.
What is the acupuncture point to stimulate breathing?
GV26
What common CPR drug should NOT be given to neonates during CPR?
Atropine
What is a normal neonatal puppy heart rate (the puppy is 2-4 weeks old)?
200-250bpm
Antibiotic therapy for neonates should ideally be based on ________ & _______. In some cases empiral therapy is warranted.
culture and sensitivity
Puppies learn a menace response at what age?
12 weeks
What is the term for rubbing nonvigorous newborns immediately after birth with a dry, clean cloth?
tactile stimulation
If a neonate comes in seizing, what is the first action step? (given your top differential)
put karo syrup on gums and take a blood glucose measurement
The normal neonatal weight gain is an increase of 5%–10% body wt/day
What antibiotic drug class is a an appropriate empirical first choice for neonatal sepsis?
third-generation cephalosporin - ceftiofur sodium is an appropriate empirical first choice for neonatal sepsis
Another alternative empirical choice is amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
What is the recommended rate of chest compressions for a neonate puppy?
120–150 compressions/min
What 3 tasks should be done to a neonate immediately after being born to facilitate resuscitation?
1. Drying and stimulating
2. Clearing the airway
3. Maintenance of normothermia
What is the fetal heart rate cut off that recommends the Dam go to surgery for dystocia?
160bpm
What is the MER factor used in calculating a neonate daily caloric intake?
2
There are many factors that predispose a neonate to sepsis....such as a temperature less than ___F
What is the physiologic fluid rate in neonatal puppies?
80–120 mL/kg/day
What percent of the day do neonates sleep?
90%
If a neonate heart rate is lower than ___bpm, you would start chest compressions (if you have been doing positive pressure ventilation for 30-60 seconds already) ?
HR < 50bpm
Chest compressions are started in newborns with very severe bradycardia (HR < 50/min) that does not improve after 30–60 seconds of PPV.
2.8-4.6 x 10^12/L
What are the 4 bacterial organisms most commonly associated with sepsis in neonates?
Escherichia coli
streptococci
staphylococci
Klebsiella spp.
At ___ week(s) nephrogenesis is complete in puppies.
3 weeks
In hypoglycemic newborn puppies and kittens in which IV/IO or IP access is not possible, we suggest ___________ administration of dextrose at 0.5 g/kg
topical sublingual mucosal