LYTES
Healthy 50F, Ca 9.5, PTH 89, 25D 35, Cr 0.7, (iCa, albumin normal) What next test is suggested for evaluating her high PTH ?
What is a 24h urine calcium ?
This element is the major driving force for secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD
What is phosphorus ?
Which commonly used vascular access is frowned upon by nephrologists?
What is a PICC ?
60M with DM & CKD, feels ill, glucose 140, HC03 10, Urine (+) glucose, ketones. A new drug for CKD was started (list class)
What is SGLT2 inhibitor ?
A hormone produced in the body, found in foods, stored in the liver, activated by kidney
What is Vitamin D ?
A high level or low level of these electrolytes can cause nephrogenic DI (list them)
What is high Ca or low K ?
First approach to managing secondary HPT in CKD patients not on dialysis
What is phosphorus restriction and Vitamin D supplementation ?
A kidney function biomarker synthesized by all nucleated cells, not affected by age, gender, race, and muscle mass (may replace Cr)
What is Cystatin C ?
This antiviral used to treat HIV and HBV can cause Fanconi syndrome
What is tenofovir ?
What type of food commonly consumed by carnivores is associated with metabolic acidosis and CKD progression?
What is red meat?
Which 2 electrolytes are commonly low in patients with refeeding syndrome ?
What is PO4 and K, or Mg ?
67F ESRD-HD, w/ T10 fracture. On Vit D3, alfacalcidiol, sevelamer. Ca 9, PO4 5.7, PTH 450, ALK 140. What drug might you consider?
What is cinacalcet ?
A hallmark of this glomerular disease is hematuria w/ various degrees of proteinuria (was most common cause of ESRD in China).
What is IgA nephropathy ?
This SQ drug can cause severe hypocalcemia in patients with advanced CKD that can last weeks to months
What is denosumab ?
This type of diet is low in processed meats, dairy, dark-color soda, legumes
What is low phosphorus diet ?
Which electrolyte can be low with PPI and cetuximab (EGFR blocker) use?
What is Mg ?
22M, new onset edema, foamy urine, high cholesterol - list the top 2 differentials.
What is minimal change disease and FSGS?
A dialysis patient presents with painful red skin lesions in the thigh and abdomen. What condition should you rule out?
What is calciphylaxis ?
55M, T2DM x20 yrs, ESRD-HD, non-compliant with insulin. You suggest a cost-effective oral drug to help with compliance.
What is glipizide ?
Osteoporosis pt on WFPB diet asks about high Ca foods. You suggest kale and 1 other food that starts with the letter “B”
What is broccoli (or brussel sprouts) ?
24M w/ hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, normal BP. Which 2 genetic conditions should you suspect?
What is Bartter & Gitelman?
This condition presents with AKI, hypercalcemia, alkalosis
What is milk alkali or calcium-alkali syndrome ?
What is the annual mortality for ESRD patients receiving in center hemodialysis in the US? (5%, 12%, 17%, 23%, 28%)
What is 17% ?
This osteoporosis drug class can cause FSGS:
What is bisphosphonates ?
Use of evidence-based lifestyle therapeutic intervention by trained clinicians to prevent, treat, and often reverse disease
What is Lifestyle Medicine ?